[Effect of positive predictive value of serum hematocrit levels on early detection of preeclampsia]

Preeclampsi which is a common and important disorder in pregnancy is one of the three leading causes of maternal mortality. It is worthy to find out an appropriate screening test for it. This study aimed to assess serum hematocrit level as a screening test for preeclampsia. Using a randomized stratification, 660 women who were in the 24-28 weeks of gestation were recruited to the study from a prenatal clinic of Taamin Ejtemaei hospital in Tehran. Data were collected through observations and interviews. Data were recorded in a questionnaire and recording form. The women were followed up until delivery. Data were analyzed in SPSS. There was significant differences in 24-28 weeks serum hematocrit levels in preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic women [P<0.001]. There were 58.6% sensitivity, 88.9% specificity, 33.7% positive predictive value, and 95.7% negative predictive value for serum hematocrit. A Serum hematocrit level in 24-28 weeks of gestation is a simple and inexpensive test that can help to detect high-risk preeclamptic women

effect of Entonox on implication of painless labor and delivery satisfaction rate among pregnant women

Labor pain is regarded as one of the most intolerable pains which women experience during their life. Although there are many alternatives which can effect on person's response and perception to pain and suffering, the pain is felt especially more severely and longer by primogeniture. Annually thousands of selective cesarean operations are performed just because of delivery pain frightening as the main reason. The pain can produce diverse and unwanted effects on delivery procedure and mother-fetus condition. So finding a method to relieve the pain and suffering is one the policies intently considered by health care systems. The aim of present study is to determine the effect of Entonox on implication of painless labor and woman's satisfaction in a Hospital in Orumieh in 1385. This research is a single blind clinical trail. Samples were consisted of women [160 persons], in two groups [each group 80 persons], which selected randomly. The intervention group used Entonox and the control group inhaled Oxygen. All subjects were instructed to use Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] and to inhale gases correctly. Due to emergency need for caesarean operation 2 members of the intervention group and 3 ones from the control group leaved the study. Data gathering tool were consisted of data registration form, VAS scale, mother vital sign recorder, and fetus heart rate recorder. The data were analysed using descriptive [relative and absolute frequencies, mean, and standard deviation] and inferential statistics [t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-squared, Kolmogrove-Smirnov test] by SPSS computer software. According to the findings pain severity rate among the intervention group significantly was lower than the control group in the different hours of delivery procedure [P<0.001]. Using Entonox made no effect on mother's vital signs, labor process, fetus heart rate, first and fifth minute Apgar and bleeding rate after delivery. Also it was shown that probable side effects of Entonox inhalation such as drowsiness and mouth stiffness were more common in the intervention group [P<0.001], but no significant difference was seen in other complications. Meanwhile delivery satisfaction rate was higher in the intervention members. It seems that Entonox inhalation might come in useful as an effective and safe method to alleviate labor pain and suffering along side with fewer likely risks for fetus and mother in clinical centers

[Relationship between adolescents' nutritional and physical activity behaviors with their perceptions about parents' lifestyle behaviors]

Obesity is increasing dramatically world-wide not only in adults, but also in children and adolescents. Nutritional and physical activity behaviors are related to the prevalence of obesity. Determining adolescents' behavioral patterns is important in preventing and adjusting this healthy problem. This study was carried out to assess lifestyle behaviors among girl adolescents and to determine the association between these behaviors and perceived parental lifestyle behaviors. In this cross-sectional study, 270 students were selected using multistage random sampling from girls' schools in the areas covered by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive and analytical tests were used to analyze the data. Results showed that the mean age was 13.3 [10.7-16] years. Most of the adolescents' had normal limits of BMI. Only 9.2% of adolescents had optimal dietary behavior and 4.3% were physically active. There was not significant relationship between their nutritional behavior and their perceptions about parents' lifestyle. BMI and parents economic status was related to nutritional behaviors significantly. Physical activity was statistically related to BMI and mothers' education. This study showed that the adolescents' nutritional and physical activity behaviors were not healthy. Some factors are related to the adolescents' healthy behavior. Teaching healthy behaviors and defining healthy behavioral patterns for adolescent are necessary

[ impact of training on the application of palliative methods for labor pain reduction]

The severe pain of labor is the important cause of fear and anxiety in pregnant women. This study has been performed to evaluate effect of education on midwives practice. This is a quasi-experimental study. That was done 59 midwives in the labor wards of non-educational of Guilan University of Medical Sciences Hospital. Data gathered by a questioner, which its validity was done by panel of experts and reliability by test-retest. 59 midwives were chosen by quota sampling and participated in a one-day workshop. Pretest and post-test questioner completed before and after four months of education by all midwives. Data analyzed by descriptive and inferencing statistical methods with SPSS. The paired t-test results showed that midwives practice about pain relieving methods changed significantly after workshop [p<0.005]. Analytical methods demonstrated that there was no significant difference between mean practice scores and demographic characteristics of midwives. This study showed that teaching through workshop can improve the use of pain-relieving methods by midwives in labor wards especially more simple and efficacious methods