RESUMO
Evidence shows that the mortality rate of esophageal cancer [EC] in Ardabil Province is among the highest worldwide. Studies on the epidemiological profile of EC in Ardabil are scarce. We aim to study the characteristics of EC in Ardabil using data from the recently established Ardabil Cancer Registry [ACR]. This study has been accomplished based on data collected in ACR between 2004 and 2006. Cases reported to ACR were coded based on the third edition of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology [ICD-O III]. The age-standardized incidence rates [ASR] and the standard rate ratio [SRR] have been calculated for each district in Ardabil Province. A total of 549 new cases of EC were registered within ACR during the study period. The ASR was 19.5 for men and 19.7 for women per 100,000 person-years. The majority of cases [79.1%] were diagnosed based on pathology. The most common morphology of EC was squamous cell carcinoma [SCC, 73%] followed by adenocarcinoma [17.8%]. The ASR was significantly higher in northern districts of the province [p < 0.001]; highest in Meshkinshahr [27.2/100,000] and lowest in Nir [7.6/100,000]. The male:female ratio approximated one in the northern and above 2.5 in the southern districts. Our results demonstrate that the increased incidence of EC in Ardabil is mainly due to an increase in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma [ACE] during recent years. The almost equal incidence of EC among men and women, and its geographical pattern across the province indicate the possible role of environmental risk factors, which need further investigations
RESUMO
Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Annually it is the cause of more than 500000 deaths worldwide. Therefore, detection and treatment of these tumors could potentially enhance recovery and improve prognosis. This study determines the frequency of colorectal tumors among patients who underwent colonoscopies in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 853 patients who underwent colonoscopies in Imam Khomeini Hospital from November 2008 to September 2010. All patients were evaluated for demographic variables, location and size of tumors by a checklist. The collected data were statistically analyzed by tables, graphs and student's t-test with SPSS v. 16 software. Among 853 patients who were studied, 432 [50.87%] were females and 419 [49.13[y0] were males. Of these, 45.4% were less than 50 years of age. The most common cause for patient visits were rectal bleeding [34.5%] and abdominal pain [20.2%]. The most common complaint among patients with colorectal lesions seen in colonoscopies were rectal bleeding [54.2%], abdominal pain [18.75%], anemia [10.4%], diarrhea [8.3%], and constipation [8.3%]. Of all colonoscopies performed, 37.2% were normal. Lesions of the right colon were seen in 27.08% and 72.9% were in the left colon. According to results of this study and the frequency in detecting colorectal tumors, the performance of retrospective studies based on disease risk factors could be effective in decreasing future disease cases
RESUMO
Ardabil cancer registry is the first population-based cancer registry in Iran that was established in 2000. The first report from this registry revealed that Ardabil has one of the highest rate of gastric cardia cancer and the lowest rate of cervical cancer in the world. We aim to update the cancer incidence in this area by the second follow up report from this registry. Method: Data on all newly diagnosed cancer cases between 2004 and 2006 were actively collected. CanReg4 software was used for data entry and the data of cancer-related death were obtained from the comprehensive death registry system. More than 4300 new cases were registered during 3 years. Diagnosis of cancer was based on histopathology in 69%, clinical investigation 8%, clinical only 5%, and Death Certificate Only [DCO] in 18% of cases. In terms of age-standardized rate [/100,000], the five leading cancers in men [excluding skin cancer] were stomach [51.8], esophagus [19.5], bladder [13.1], lung and bronchus [10.8], and colorectal [9.6]; in women, they were stomach [24.9], esophagus [19.7], breast [11.9], colon and rectum [7.4], and brain tumors [6.9]. According to death registration data, upper gastrointestinal cancers constituted more than 43% of cancer-related death in Ardabil. The ASR for gastric cancer is among the highest rate for this cancer in male and female in the world. Most of the cancers, especially in female, have a significant increase compared to previous report from Ardabil. This is most likely due to the change in the registration practice