Radiographic and clinical evaluation of repair of furcal mechanical perforations in premolar teeth of dog using dark MTA, white MTA and Portland cement

One of the problems affecting the prognosis of the treatment is perforation which requires immediate and proper intervention. Dark MTA is applied as material of choice to repair perforations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repair of mechanical furcal perforations radiographically and clinically using white MTA and Portland cement and comparing them with dark MTA. In this experimental study, second to fourth mandibular and maxillary premolar teeth of five dogs received endodontic treatment following radiographic and clinical examinations. Then, the furcation area of the teeth was perforated and repaired with dark MTA in group 1, white MTA in group 2, Portland cement in group 3 and cotton pellet in group 4 [control]. Animals were controlled for 4 months and sacrificed using an overdose of Sodium thiopental intravenous injection after radiographic and clinical examinations. Chi-square test was used to compare groups for gingival attachment and presence of radiolucency. To compare these items between each two groups, Fisher's exact test was used. There was no statistically significant difference between dark MTA, white MTA and Portland cement groups in presence of radiolucency and gingival attachment. However, all the three groups were significantly different in radiolucency and gingival attachment from control group. Both white MTA and Portland cement revealed favourable results in repair of perforations and can be used as an alternative to dark MTA to repair perforations in the areas where esthetics is important and not important, respectively

[ case report; endodontic treatment of 4-rooted mandibular second molar tooth]

The knowledge of root canal anatomy and morphology and understanding the cases with variations from the normal anatomy are necessary to achieve success in endodontics. No cases with four separate roots in the mandibular second molars have been reported sofar. The purpose of this study was to report the presence of four separate roots in a mandibular second molar in a patient. A 29 year old male patient was referred for root canal therapy of a mandibular right second molar with a history of emergency treatment. The diagnostic radiograph revealed the presence of four separate roots. The presence of five orifices was confirmed in the pulp chamber after access cavity completion. Conventional root canal treatment was performed in the five root canals of the tooth. The knowledge of common anatomic configurations and possible variations in root canal morphology is one of the important factors for a successful root canal treatment. Report of uncommon cases can motivate the dentist to always perform exact radiographic and clinical evaluations of the teeth and consider the rarities during root canal treatment