RESUMO
Background and Aim: status abnormalities are adverse changes which can cause deformity in the skeletal structure and the natural direction of the posture. Obesity is among the causes of status abnormalities. The important issue is the distribution of additional fat in the body. The aim of this study was to compare muscle and skeletal abnormalities between the students with apple-shaped and pear-shaped obesity
Material and Methods: study population included all male high-school students in Sanandaj. 79 students were selected by purposeful cluster sampling and divided into three groups: apple-shaped obesity [n=21], pear-shaped obesity [n=23], and normal weight [n=34].In order to assess abnormalities, we used photography for forward head and forward shoulder, flexible ruler for kyphosis and lordosis, caliper for genu valgum and genovarum, and navicular drop test for flatfoot. Using SPSS22 software, data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA]. P < 0.05 was considered significant
Results: we found significant differences between every two groups in regard to different abnormalities as following: forward head [P
Conclusion: apple and pear-shaped obesity have different effects on the stature structure and rate of complications. We recommend corrective exercise training programs and weight control in obese subjects according to the type of obesity
RESUMO
Proprioceptive, vestibular and visual senses control human movements. This study was carried out to compare the posture of head and shoulder in blind, deaf and ordinary pupils. This descriptive and analytic study was done on 16 blind, 30 deaf and 60 ordinary pupils in Ardabil city, Noth-west of Iran. Sagital and frontal planes Photos for each child was used for determination of head and shoulder deviation. Forward head in blind group significantly was lower than deaf and ordinary pupils [P<0.05]. Rounded shoulder in blind and deaf pupils significantly was lower than ordinary pupils [P<0.05]. Uneven shoulders in deaf pupils significantly was lower than ordinary and blind children [P<0.05]. Lateral flexion of the head in blind and deaf pupiles significantly was higher than ordinary children [P<0.05]. There is a relationship between sensory impairment and postural problems paticularly in blindness Pupils