[ experimental model of hydatidosis in rabbit testis]

Although no part of human anatomy is invulnerable to hydatid disease, it has been reported to occur in most of vital organs. Hydatid disease of urinary tract is uncommon, accounting for only 2-3% of all such cases. Testes are extremely rare sites for echinococcosis. There are only three cases of testicular hydatid disease which were reported. In this laboratory animal model, we studied echinococcosis in rabbit testis. In this experimental trial study, 14 male Albino rabbits [body weight 2.5-3kg] were randomized into two groups: group A [study group], for testicular injection and group B [control group], for intraperitoneal injection of viable protoscoleces. All rabbits were infected, and then housed them under pathogen-free conditions for 10 weeks [70 days]. One rabbit from group A and three from group B died one day after injection, and the other rabbits survived during follow-up period. At 10th week they were all anaesthetized and then we studied all testes with ultrasonography. In group A all testes were excised, and in group B we removed liver, kidneys and took four biopsies from peritoneum, for histopathology investigation. There was demonstrable hydatid cyst [protoscoleces and germinative layer] in testes of five rabbits from group A, but in one rabbit both testes were normal. In group B, three out of four rabbits developed peritoneal hydatidosis. The mechanism of testicular resistance to echinococcosis could be blood-testis barrier because when we directly infected the testes of rabbits with protoscoleces, hydatid cyst developed

uncommon manifestation of renal cell carcinoma: contralateral spermatic cord metastasis

Renal cell carcinoma [RCC] is a common type of kidney cancer which demonstrates different symptoms such as uncommon metastasis and paraneoplastic syndrome. A sixty year man was diagnosed as having a left renal cell carcinoma and underwent for nephrectomy surgery seven years ago. After seven years from the surgery, he referred with complain for feeling a mass in the right hemi-scrotum. In his pathology report, he was diagnosed for metastatic RCC in his contralateral spermatic cord and underwent for orchidectomy surgery. This case is the first report for this type of metastasis. RCC can spread through retrograde flow from the renal vein to spermatic veins, so suggesting that a careful examination of the external genitalia should be performed in patients with RCC during the follow up period to exclude hidden metastases in these patients

Early results and complications of 210 live donor mephrectomies

Objective To study the complications during hospitalization on subjects under going donor nephrectomy in the Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Methods The hospital records of 210 living kidney donors in the period, November 1989 to June, 1999 were.evaluated on a structured proforma using 51 variables. The SPSS Package was used for statistical analysis. Results Of 210 subjects, 159 were males and 51 females with a mean age of 29.38 years. Sixty one males and 37 females were married. Fifty one were related donors, 149 unrelated and the relationship of 10 was not known. The site of nephrectomy was abdominal [9], left lumbar, [159], right lumbar, [46] and bilateral lumbar, [5]. Complications encountered were 71 in 63 cases. Wound infection was seen in 26 cases, respiratory tract infections in 14, haemmorrhage in 8 and genitourinary complications in 5 donors. Conclusion The experience of living donor nephrectomy in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad was good with no mortality and minimum complications