Prevalence and types of sexual dysfunction amongst female with diabetes mellitus

To determine the prevalence and types of sexual dysfunction [SD] amongst female with Diabetes Meltitus [DM] in Benin City, Nigeria. This is a cross sectional study. A total of 225 female with DM and 225 female without DM who served as controls were studied. Data obtained included age, anthropometric indexes, presence and type of sexual dysfunction. Fifteen [6.6%] subjects with DM had sexual dysfunction and four [1.7%] in the control group had SD with sexual pain disorder being the commonest SD, seen in both groups. Other SD seen was lubrication disorder and sexual arousal disorder. The prevalence of SD in diabetic female was significantly higher than in the control group [6.6% vs. 1.7% p < 0.05]. Sexual Dysfunction appears to be relatively uncommon amongst Nigerian women with Diabetes Mellitus. However diabetes care providets should address this issue during consultations with patients and provide treatment as this is a treatable condition

efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone with concurrent sulphonylurea therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria

An open label study was conducted to asses the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone when administered concurrently with sulphonylurea compounds. Sixty-three type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study in three different centres across Nigeria, Zaria in the north, Lagos in the southwest and Port Harcourt in the southeast. Nigeria is a large country with multiethnic groups. Subjects were randomly divided into two treatment groups; one on only sulphonylurea and the other on rosiglitazone [4 mg daily] for 26 weeks in addition to the current dose of sulphonylurea. Fifty-two subjects [82.5%] completed the study. The addition of rosiglitazone to sulphonylurea therapy resulted in more steady control of fasting plasma glucose [FPG] over time, higher mean change in FPG from baseline and higher proportion of subjects recording HBA1C value of

Plasma glucose response to insulin in hyperglycaemic crisis

The outcome of hyperglycaemic emergencies [HEs] depends on effective management for which insulin therapy is one of the principal cornerstones. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the intramuscular route of insulin therapy to the intravenous route in the treatment of these conditions. Thirty-two patients presenting with HEs were treated with either intravenous insulin [IVIT] or intramuscular injection of insulin [IMIT]. The patients consisted of 13[40.6%] individuals with diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA], 11[34.4%] with hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state [HHS], and 8[25%] with normosmolar non-ketotic hyperglycaemic states [NNHS]. Patients were randomly allocated to either of the insulin regimes. Plasma glucose was monitored hourly until it was lowered to 250mg/dl along with other indices. The mean hourly rate of fall of plasma glucose level was significantly higher in the intravenous insulin therapy [IVIT] group than in the intramuscular insulin therapy [IMIT] group. There was a greater variation in the mean rates of fall of the plasma glucose level [PGL] in the IVIT group than in the IMIT group. The mean time to lower plasma glucose levels to 250mg/dl was shorter in the IVIT route than in the IMIT route, 3.6 [0.2] hours vs 4.2 [0.3] hours [p < 0.05]. Patients with HHS took a longer time to achieve target PGL than the other types of HE. The total amount of insulin required to achieve a PGL of 250 mg/dl was much higher in the IMIT group than in the IVIT group [41.9[2.9] v 22.9[1.9] units, p<0.01]. Irrespective of the insulin route, the total amount of insulin needed to achieve PGL of 250 mg/dl was in the decreasing order DKA, HHS, and NNHS. However, within insulin treatment groups, insulin requirements needed to reach the target plasma glucose concentration varied more widely across HE subtypes in the IVIT [[18.0[1.8] - 25.2[4.0]] group than in the IMIT group [40.4[3.0] - 43.3[2.1] units]. The use of IMIT in our environment is associated with a rate of fall of PGL that is more gradual and more predictable. Therefore in settings such as ours where most hyperglycaemic emergency patients are managed outside the tertiary health centers, IMIT protocols should be the preferred route in the management of HEs