[Frequency of aphasia resulting from stroke at hospitals affiliated to Tehran university of medical sciences]

Aphasia is common symptom after acute stroke with a prevalence in earlier studies between 21-38%. In Iran; unfortunately no investigation has been reported on the prevalence of aphasia. So the main aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of aphasia after stroke at hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of medical sciences [TUMS]. This study is a cross-sectional design and has been done on 30 patients with brain injury who admitted to TUMS hospitals during three months. The Mississippi Aphasia Screening Test [MAST] was used to screening aphasia patients. The descriptive results indicated, from 22 patients with CVA five cases [22.7%] were aphasic. Mean age of aphasic patients [69.6 years] was more than non-aphasic patients [49.24 years] and of five aphasic patients, three cases [60%] were male and two of them [40%] were female. Also, regarding background diseases, four of five [80%] aphasic patients had history of high blood pressure and diabetes. Results of this study was consistent with prevalence of aphasia in last studies. Also results of this study confirmed other studies based on that etiology of lesion, age, and high blood pressure and diabetes history of the patients plays an important role in prevalence of aphasia

Survey of auditory discrimination skill in 4-6 years old children in Semnan city

Auditory discrimination is one component of central auditory processing skills or auditory perception, that has an important role in acquisition and production of speech sounds. Auditory discrimination test is a tool for screening or diagnosis of auditory discrimination. r The aim of this study is to investigate of auditory discrimination development process in 4-6 years old children in Semnan city. This cross-sectional survey was done on 200 normal 4-6 years old children in semnan city. Auditory discrimination skill was evaluated by Wepman auditory discrimination test [WADT]. The level of significancy in this study was 0.05. Auditory discrimination skills based on percentage of 5 and 95 for 4 years old children were 20 and 36, 21.85 and 38 for 5 years old, 23.30 and 39.35 for 6 years old children. There was significant differences between 4 years old children with 5 and 6 years old children In auditory discrimination skill [P=0.003], but there was no significant difference between 5 and 6 years old children[P=0.21]. In addition, auditory discrimination test scores between boys and girls were not significant [P=0.34]. Results of this study showed that children ability in discrimination of sounds was increased with age

[Investigation of vocal folds contact quotient and contact index among adult stutterers and nonstutterers]

During the past current decades, objective measurements in general and specialy dynamic measurements had been important aspect of evaluation of stuttering. Although these measurements can not replace with perceive judgements but these measurements help us to better diagnosis and treatment. Also we can use these for give feedback of treatment results to patient. Thereforee the purpose of this study was to measure and compare some dynamics characteristics between adult stutterers and nonstutterers. Sample of this study was 32 adult men including 16 stutterers and 16 nonstutterers. We used from Vowel /a/ prolongation was used for gathering the subjects voice sample.The data by were analysed by Dr. Speech software. According to this research there is not significant difference in average of vocal folds contact quotient and contact index among adult stutterers and nonstutterers. But there is significant difference in average of vocal folds contact quotient perturbation between adult stutterers and nonstutterers. In this research we used vocal folds contact quotient and contact index as factors from occurrence and expanding of stuttering and therefore we concluded that these factors do not have significant role in stuttering occurrence and expanding