Association between nutritional status and children and adolescents' dental caries experiences: an overview of systematic reviews

Abstract An increasing number of systematic reviews (SR) has investigated the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents, thus requiring an overview to compile the information in a single piece of evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and summarize evidence from published SR on the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents. A wide search was conducted on May 29, 2023, in six databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library - VHL). An additional search was performed in the gray literature (Open grey and Google Scholar), SR registration databases, and the list of references of the included SR. Our inclusion criteria were based on acronym PECOS. Overall, two reviewers independently extracted the data, evaluated the risk of bias (ROBIS), and assessed the quality of the chosen studies (AMSTAR-2). Data from the included meta-analysis were summarized and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach was performed. After removing duplicates and applying our eligibility criteria, 19 SR from 2006-2022 were included. We found that 17 SR showed high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. We observed an association between dental caries experiences and nutritional status since seven SR found an association between obesity/overweight and dental caries; one, an association between underweight and dental caries; and eleven, no associations. The meta-analysis showed divergent results according to the study designs, used indices, and participants' age group, and were scored as having a very low certainty of evidence. Therefore, based on the high risk of bias, low methodological quality, and very low certainty of evidence of the chosen SR, most studies found no association between children and adolescents' nutritional status and dental caries experience.

Abrasão ultrassônica: uma alternativa de preparo cavitário para o paciente infantil / Ultrasonic abrasion: an alternative in the performance of cavity preparation in childhood

A técnica da abrasão ultrassônica é realizada com o uso de pontas CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), que são formadas através da união química da peça única do diamante à haste metálica, acopladas ao aparelho de ultrassom. Assim, o corte do esmalte e da dentina é feito por oscilação dessas pontas diamantadas e não por ação mecânica, o que promove um desgaste preciso e um preparo conservador da cavidade. Essa técnica proporciona inúmeras vantagens para o profissional e para o paciente, pois diminui a sensação de barulho, pressão, vibração e calor, além de possibilitar um tratamento sem anestesia local e apenas com uso de isolamento relativo, tendo uma boa aceitação pelos pacientes, destacando-se, assim, como aspecto de grande relevância na odontopediatria, para o preparo cavitário. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um caso clínico utilizando a técnica de abrasão ultrassônica para o preparo cavitário nos dentes 51 e 61 acometidos por lesão cariosa, de um paciente de 04 anos, abordando os aspectos positivos e negativos relacionados a essa técnica

The technique of ultrasonic abrasion is carried out using tips CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), which areformed by the chemical union of one piece of diamond to metal rod coupled to the ultrasonic device. Thus, the cut enamel and dentin is done by oscillation of these diamond burs and not by mechanical action, which promotes an accurate wear and a conservative cavity preparation. This technique provides numerous advantages for the professional and the patient, because it reduces the sensation of noise, pressure, vibration and heat, besides enabling a treatment without local anesthesia and only with the use of relative isolation, with good acceptance by patients, highlighting was thus as an aspect of great relevance in pediatric dentistry for cavity preparation. This paper aims to describe a clinical case using the technique of ultrasonic abrasion for cavity preparation in teeth 51 and 61 affected by carious lesion of a patient of 04 years, addressing the positive and negative aspects to this technique

Esmalte aprismático: presença em caninos e incisivos decíduos / Prismless enamel: presence in canines and deciduous incisors

Neste estudo sobre o mapeamento de esmalte aprismático em dentes decíduos anteriores e superiores utilizamos 20 dentes, 10 dos quais foram examinados em cortes longitudinais e 10 na superfície labial. Todos os dentes foram examinados em dois pontos no terço cervical separados por um milímetro, em um ponto no terço médio e em um ponto na incisal. Foi achado esmalte aprismático espalhado em toda superfície desses dentes, especialmente na regiäo cervical, podendo-se notar, concomitantemente, características típicas de esmalte convencional