Emerging patterns in clinico-pathological spectrum of oral cancers

To correlate the clinico-pathological aspects of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma [OSCC] with risk factors to determine the present status and variations in the profile. One hundred patients of OSCC and one hundred age and sex matched controls were selected. Detailed demographic data, regarding age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, religion, socio-economic status along with habits, betel quid, tobacco chewing / smoking, alcohol and dietary habits was recorded. Detailed oral examination was carried out for the site of involvement and associated pathology. Histological grade was determined on microscopic examination of Hemotoxylin and Eosin [H and E] stained slides. One hundred age and sex matched controls were also evaluated for this study. Ages of patients ranged from 25 to 80 years with mean age being 47.84 +/- 12.18[SD]. Maximum cases were detected in the fifth decade. Male: Female ratio was 2.8:1. Age in controls ranged from 22 -73 with male to female ratio being 3.54:1. In patients, most tumors were seen in buccal cavity [54%] followed by tongue [24%]. Histologically 60% cases were well differentiated. Strong association with tobacco smoking and chewing, betel quid and its substitutes was detected, with smoking being more prevalent in males and betel quid in females. Significantly less number of controls were observed to be involved in these habits, with almost half having no such addictions. The present clinico-pathological status of oral cancer still emphasizes primary prevention by creating awareness against the devastating effects of tobacco use, betel quid, its substitutes and areca nut, which can go a long way in decreasing the incidence of this disfiguring and lethal condition

clincopathological correlation of hysterectomies: a hospital based surgical audit

To determine correlation of clinical indication of hysterectomies with histological findings and association with age and parity. Institution based cross sectional study. This study was conducted at the Lady Dufferin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2009. 322. Non Probability Purposive sampling. A structured standardized Proforma was used to collect data between Jan 2007 to Dec 2009 from the pathological laboratory data on surgical hysterectomies. The data comprised of clinical, physical and histological examination. The analysis was made on correlation of clinical indication of hysterectomies with histological findings and association with age and parity. Correlation of Clinical Indications and histological findings on uterus [endometrium and myometrium], cervix and ovaries. Three hundred twenty two abdominal hysterectomies were studied. Among the study subjects the mean +/- SD age was 42.36 +/- 6.36. Only 12 [3.7%] women were unmarried. Clinically the commonest indications were Leiomyoma in 167 [519%] and DUB 120 [37.7%]. Ovarian mass was clinical indication in 4 [1.3%] cases. Histopathology revealed leiomyoma 149 [46.3%] as the commonest uterine pathology, followed by adenomyosis. Inflammation with squamous metaplasia 252 [78.2%] was the most common pathology noted in the cervix whereas 101 [46.4%], cystadenomas were noted in 6 [2.8%] and Benign teratoma in 3 [1.4%]. Hysterectomy is a major gynecological procedure therefore it should be performed after accurate clinical assessment and with proper and justified indications

Susceptibility pattern of pathogens isolated from the prostatic tissue

There is significant incidence of bacterial growth in the prostatic tissue in the patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [BPH], whereas pre-existing urinary tract infection is not a reliable indicator by which this group can be identified pre-operatively and prostatic infection could be treated. To identify the presence of various types of bacteria and fungi in prostatic tissue and cultures from urine samples of patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostrate. Cross-sectional observational study design. This study was conducted at The Basic Medical Science Institute at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center [JPMC] Department of Microbiology Karachi from. The samples were processed by the standard protocol. Culture medium of Blood agar and MacConkeys agar were used and biochemical tests were performed by using different sugar media, triple sugar iron agar, Simon citrate agar, urease, indole, and MRVP tests. Out of 100 cases 25% showed identical type of growth, 11% cases had different type of growth in urine and prostatic tissue culture whereas 5% had no growth in urine while 32% had no growth in prostate only 32% had no growth in both urine and tissue culture. The significance of prostatic tissue culture of patients undergoing surgery facilitates prompt diagnosis and the ideal choice of antibiotic can shorten the duration of treatment