comparative study of trans urethral resection versus trans urethral incision for small size obstructing prostate

To compare the results of transurethral resection of prostate [TURP] with transurethral incision of prostate [TUIP] for small size obstructing prostate. Comparative study. Department of Urology, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for women Hospital Nawabshah, from 2008 to 2010. Patients were divided in TURP and TUIP groups with fifty patients in each. Patients of any age with small size [thirty grams or less] prostate needing surgical intervention were included. TURP was done with conventional technique. In TUIP two deep incisions were made at 5 and 7'O clock positions of the bladder neck using Collings knife. Pre-per and postoperative variables were observed and recorded. All patients were followed up to six months post operatively. A total of 100 patients were included in the study. Mean operative time was 12.4 minutes in TUIP and 22.6 minutes in TURP. Retrograde ejaculation and blood transfusions were less in TUIP than TURP. The improvement in maximum flow rate improved in both the groups. TUIP is as effective as TURP in achieving maximum flow rate but TUIP was superior in terms of shorter operative time, less retrograde ejaculation and less need of blood transfusion

impact of renal lower pole radiographic anatomy on the clearance of stone fragments after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

1. To determine the frequency of clearance of stone fragments after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [ESWL] for isolated lower pole renal calculi. 2. To compare the average Lower Infundibular diameter and lower infundibulo-pelvic angle [L-IPA] between patients with residual stone fragments and those who become stone free after extracorporeal lithotripsy [ESWL] for isolated lower pole renal calculi. Descriptive Study. This study was conducted at Department of Urology, Liaquat National Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from June 2006 to June 2010. One Hundred patients of either sex, aged > 14 years with isolated lower pole calculi [LPC] of <20mm undergoing ESWL were included in the study, while patients with lower pole calculi > 20mm, multiple renal calculi, congenitally distorted pelvi-calyceal anatomy, with concomitant Ureteric calculi, with decreased urine output due to renal insufficiency, with Hydronephrosis, with previous pyelo-uretral surgery, who required ancillary procedures e.g. Ureteroscopy, DJ Stent insertion were excluded from the study. The confirmation of stone in lower pole and LPC anatomy [width of the infundibulum and lower infundibulo-pelvic angle] were viewed on the IVU. The Infundibular width was measured as the narrowest point of the infundibulum. The L-IPA was determined in two axes, the ureteropelvic axis and the infundibulo-pelvic axis. Frequency of clearance of stone fragments after ESWL for lower pole renal calculi was 82%. Average L-IPA was significantly higher in those who become stone free after ESWL than patients with residual stone fragments [79.34 +/- 8.33 vs. 64.56 +/- 5.53, p<0.001]. Average Lower Infundibular diameter was slightly higher in stone free patients after ESWL but not statistically significant [5.02 +/- 0.76 vs. 4.89 +/- 0.78, p=0.631]. Successful ESWL is sensitive to lower pole anatomical variables especially lower Infundibulo-pelvic angle and preferably first line treatment in patient with a lower pole stone has L-IPA >80 degrees and lower infundibular diameter of >5mm

Analysis of total and available elements in medicinal plant moringa oleifera using atomic absorption spectrophotometer

Plant based medicaments have been man's prime therapeutic weapons to rescue him from the clutches of diseases. The role of elements particularly trace elements in health and disease is now well established. In this work, investigations have been made about a very important plant Moringa oleifera, which has traditionally played an important role particularly in the rural areas. It is a cheap source of protein, mineral rich food and an effective medicine against diseases. The aqueous extract of its leaves reduces blood pressure within a few minutes. In the present paper the analysis of Moringa oleifera for mineral elements was performed by using atomic spectrophotometer. The decoction of each part of the plant was also analyzed for different essential and trace elements. The samples of this plant were collected from surroundings of Hyderabad and voucher specimens were prepared following the standard herbarium techniques. Each part of this medicinal plant contains considerable amount of K, Mg, Zn, and Ca. These elements help to reduce the effect of hypertension