Pattern of lipid profile in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients

To know the pattern of lipid profile in obese and non-obese type-2 diabetes mellitus patients as compared to a control group One hundred [50 obese and 50 non-obese] diagnosed patients having diabetes mellitus minimum for the last three years were randomly selected from the outdoor patient department of medicine, Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar during the year 2002. Obesity was taken as body mass index of more than 25 kg/m[2]. One hundred healthy individuals were selected from among the staff of Khyber medical college, Khyber College of Dentistry, and Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar to constitute the control group. They had no history of any chronic illness. Subjects suffering from cardiovascular diseases, kidney disorder and hepatic disorders were excluded from the study. Fasting serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C were determined by enzymatic calorimetric method and calculated by using Friedewald [1972] formula. The levels of serum triglycerides [170.15 +/- 10.3 mg/dl vs 159.01 +/- 10.11mg/dl], total cholesterol, [191.61 +/- 18.61 mg/dl vs 182.61 +/- 17.6 mg/dl], LDL-C [113.12 +/- 11.01mg/dl vs 102.69 +/- 11.17 mg/dl] and VLDL-C [34.03 +/- 2.03 mg/dl vs. 31.80 +/- 0.2mg/dl] were higher in diabetic patients as compared to the control group, while HDL-C [43.39 +/- 6.41 mg/dl vs. 57.69 +/- 7.06 mg/dl] was lower as compared to the control group. Dyslipidemia is a significant finding in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients

Effect of noise on heart rate

The objective of the study was to observe the effect of short-term noise on heart rate. One Hundred and seventeen [117] medical students were selected as subjects. Subjects having normal resting heart rate and blood pressure were included in the study. Subjects with, hearing defect were excluded from study. Auditory aquity was confirmed by audiometry before the start of experiment for each subject. A noise of a 90 dB intensity and 4000Hz frequency was produced for 10 minutes. Heart rate was recorded before, during and after exposure to noise. Heart rate increased in 104 [88.9%] subjects, with an average rise of 8.938+ 1.037. In 73 subjects [70.19%] it came back to basal level within 02 minutes. Increase in heart rate was observed in more number of males as compared to females; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. Heart rate increases during exposure to noise

Effect of 90 decibel noise of 4000 hertz on blood pressure in young adults

Almost every individual dislikes excessive and unnecessary noise. Noise exerts various adverse psychological and physiological effects, on human body including a rise in blood pressure. 117 volunteer medical students, aged 18-23 years were exposed to 90 decibel noise of 4000 hertz for 10 minutes, produced by audiometer in a sound-proof room. Blood pressure was recorded every three minutes. Blood pressure increased during exposure to noise. Average rise in systolic blood pressure was 2.462 +/- 0.532 mm Hg and average rise in diastolic blood pressure was 3.064 +/- 1.047mm Hg. Blood pressure came to resting value within two minutes after stopping exposure to noise in more than 50% of the subjects. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases due to noise exposure

Association of serum uric acid with type II diabetes mellitus

Objective: to find out the association of serum uric acid with type- II diabetes mellitus and to compare the level of serum uric acid between obese and non-obese type-I1 diabetics

Material and Methods: fifty obese and fifty non-obese diabetic patients were included in the study one hundred non-diabetic subjects were selected as control group. The results were analyzed by t-test for serum uric acid, glucose and lipid profile

Results: the mean level of serum uric acid in obese type-II diabetic patients was 6.07 mg/dl as compared to 5.01 mg/dl in the control group. The difference was significant statistically

Conclusion: hyperuricemia is significantly associated with type-II diabetes mellitus and can increase the morbidity and mortality from diabetes if not managed in time