Frequency of wound infection in open mesh inguinal hernioplasty

Objective: To analyze the frequency of surgical site infection in mesh open inguinal hernioplasty with single prophylaxis dose antibiotics and to find out organisms and its sensitivity

Study design: A Prospective interventional study

Place and duration: Jacobabad institute of medical sciences [JIMS], previous name of District head quarter hospital Jacobabad Sindh from 1st June 2009 to 30th April 2012

Methodology: The study comprises of 215 cases who underwent open mesh inguinal hernioplasty. Preoperative assessment was done for fitness of anesthesia before mesh repair. A single dose i/v antibiotic used, and early post operative surgical site infection examined. Wound site edema, redness, seroma, and pus discharge data collected. Culture was done to identify common organisms in wound infected cases. The data was collected and analysis done to see frequency of wound infection and sensitivity of infecting organism

Results: The frequency of surgical site wound infection was observed in 3.2%, and in these pus culture report showed that staphylococcus aures was commonest and E-coli organism was second common cause of superficial surgical site infection

Conclusion: The frequency of surgical site wound infection is low in Open inguinal mesh hernioplasty with single dose antibiotic prophylaxis and the Staphylococcus aueres was the common culprit organism

Young female breast lumps; are all benign?

Objectives: To find out frequency of various diseases and carcinomas in breast lump, its presentation in young female up to age of 35 years

Study design: Retrospective, discriptive

Place and duration: Department of surgery unit II Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College University Hospital Sukkur [GMMC] and Institute of surgery and Medicine [ISM] Hospital Garden road Karachi from November 2007 to June 2013

Methodology: All female patients presenting with breast lumpupto age of 35 years at GMMC Hospital and ISM Karachi from Nov: 2007 to June 2013, medical records of these patients retrospectively reviewed, patients above age of 35 years, having acute mastitis without lump, recurrent cases, inflammatory carcinomatosa were excluded from the study

Results: A total number of 510 females up to age of 35 years were included. Among the benign breast disorders fibroadenoma was 56.86%, breast abscess 7.26% fibrocystic diseases 10.59%, benign phylloides 1.77%, fibrocystic diseases 10.59%, and sebaceous cysts 6.08%. Carcinoma breast found in 11.56% [n=59] in our study, the common histopathology was infiltrating ductal cell carcinoma [59.45%]

Conclusion: The analysis of this study shows increases frequency of breast cancer in young and adolescent female. These findings suggest that females at every age group with breast lumps need specialized care for diagnosis and management

Incidence of tuberculosis in cervical lymphadenopathy

Objectives: To find out the incidence of tuberculosis in cervical lymphadenopathy and patients characteristic

Study Design: Descriptive study

Place and Duration: This study carried out in surgical unit I Civil Hospital Jacobabad from January 2009 to December 2011

Methodology: Patients having cervical lymphadenopathy above the age of 12 years of both sexes were included in this study. Fine needle aspiration cytology [FNAC] of lymph nodes was done, and excision biopsy was also performed when ever required, apart from that complete history, physical examination ESR and other required haemotological test performed

Results: A total number of 180 patients with enlarge lymph nodes both male female adults were included, 68.88% [n=124] were below the age of 30 years, remaining 32.22% [n=56] were above this age group, 76.11% [n=137], patients had tuberculosis lymphadenitis. In 11.66% patients [n=21] reactive hyperplasia, 8.88% patients [n=16], chronic non specific lymphadenitis, 2.77% patient [n=05] lymphoma and 0.55% patient [n=1] metastasis to cervical lymph nodes were diagnosed. FNAC was conclusive in 87.77%, while ESR was raised in 26.66% cases. Constitutional symptoms were not significant, majority [n=119] of patients belong to poor class

Conclusion: Tuberculosis was most common diseases involving the cervical lymph nodes in both sexes who belong to poor socio economical class. Haemotological findings were inconclusive in majority of patients the FNAC diagnosis highly conclusive but few required lymph node biopsy in few cases

Sero prevalence of hepatitis band c in surgical patients

The objective of this study conducted in patients above thirteen years of age undergoing surgery at Jacobabad Sindh from February 2007 to July 2007 was to find out the prevalence of hepatitis B and C and compare the incidence with other areas of Pakistan. Sero prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C combined was 23.55% whereas 14% were positive for Hepatitis C and 9.33% for Hepatitis B. In view of this high prevalence rate we feel it is essential to routinely screen all patients undergoing surgery for Hepatitis B and C