Frequency of Gallbladder Stones Among Patients Underwent Abdominal Ultrasound in a Tertiary Hospital in Sana’a City, Yemen

@#Introduction: The Gallbladder stone (GBS) disease is most commonly asymptomatic that may lead to several complications such as ascending cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. In this study the frequency of gallbladder stones among patients referred for abdominal ultrasound at the University of Science and Technology hospital (USTH), Sana’a – Yemen, have been estimated during the period between January and June 2013. Methods: This study is a record-based and conducted at the radiology department in USTH, on cases underwent abdominal ultrasound during the period from January – June 2013. Information were collected from abdominal ultrasonography reports. Results: In this study 4935 patients’ records are included. Of them, 2541 were males and 2394 were females. The frequency of patients with GBS was 5.53%. Multiple stones were observed in 3.57% of patients and 4.34% patients had large stones with size ≥ 5 mm. Females had significantly higher frequency of GBS (8.0%: 191/2394) than males (3.2%: 82/2541) (P < 0.001). It was found that, no significant difference between males and females in harboring small stones (< 5mm) (P = 0.251). However, significantly higher frequency of large GBS (≥ 5 mm) was found among females compared to males (P < 0.001). The frequencies of GBS, small size of GBS and large size of GBS have significantly increased with increasing age (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study it was found that females had significantly higher frequency of GBS than males. No significant difference between males and females in harboring small stones. There was a significantly higher frequency of large GBS was found among females compared to males. The frequencies of GBS, small size of GBS and large size of GBS have significantly increased with increasing age.

Transverse Cerebellar Diameter as a Sonographic Parameter for Estimating Gestational Age: an Experience From Yemeni Population

@#Introduction: Estimation of gestational age (GA) is clinically crucial for managing pregnancy and assessing the foetal anatomy, growth and development. Transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) has been reported as an accurate tool for dating the pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of foetal TCD for dating the pregnancy and to construct a reference chart for GA of Yemeni foetuses. Methods: We conducted this prospective cross-sectional study among 400 Yemeni pregnant women between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation provided that they were with known last menstrual period and singleton normal pregnancies. Sonographic TCDs were measured for each foetus. The mean TCD was measured for gestational weeks separately, and a polynomial regression model was then used to predict the GA by TCD. Results: There was a robust correlation between GA and TCD (r = 0.995, p <0.001). The coefficient of determination was 0.989, which indicates that the TCD explains 98.9% of GA change. Conclusion: TCD is an accurate tool to estimate the GA in second and third trimesters, including final weeks, among Yemeni pregnant women as in developed countries. The narrow range between the 5% and 95% percentiles is a significant indication of the accuracy of the TCD in estimating the GA. Therefore, clinicians are recommended to use TCD for estimating the GA and should be trained on measuring it accurately.

Diabetes mellitus among Yemeni Physicians in Sana'a

To assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Yemeni physicians in Sana'a, Yemen, and the relationship between Khat chewing and diabetes mellitus. Data were collected on 332 Yemeni physicians in Sana'a [224 males and 108 females] aged 25 years and over. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to the criteria of American Diabetes Association. Diabetes mellitus was prevalent among 10% of physicians. There was no significant difference between males and females [11.6%, 6.5% respectively, p = 0.14]. In both sexes, diabetes mellitus was more prevalent among older group [>/= 40]. Mean fasting blood sugar was 96.75 +/- 22.5 mg/dl among male physicians and 88.9 +/- 17.7 mg/dl among female physicians. The difference was highly significant [t = 3.13. p = 0.002]. Diabetes mellitus is prevalent among both of male and female Yemeni physicians. There was no relationship between Khat chewing and diabetes mellitus

Metabolic syndrome among Yemeni Physicians in Sana'a

To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Yemeni physicians in Sana'a, Yemen. Data were collected on 332 Yemeni physicians in Sana'a [224 males and 108 females] aged 25 years and over. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to ATP-III criteria. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the study population was 23.8% [25.4% among males and 20.4% among females]. All the components of the metabolic syndrome were significantly more common in males, except low HDL-cholesterol level. Low HDL-C was the most common metabolic abnormality in both sexes. Metabolic syndrome is prevalent among Yemeni physicians in figures comparable to western populations. Low HDL was the most prevalent component