RESUMO
Background: subdural hematoma is extra-cerebral accumulation of blood between the dura matter and the subarachnoid layer. It is almost always caused by trauma or due to blood thinning therapies and occurs due to rupture of bridging veins. Acute subdural hematoma is an emergency situation and requires prompt diagnosis using CT most of the time and management requires surgery as well as reversal of anticoagulants
Aim of the work: In this review, we aimed to study the etiology of subdural hematoma, explore how to diagnoses and manage it in the emergency department
Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE, from January 1985 to February 2017
Results: surgery is most important intervention in managing subdural hematomas
Conclusion: subdural hematoma is an important clinical presentation that needs proper and prompt surgical management and treatment. Treatment should be as less invasive as possible, with higher efficacy and lower recurrence rates. No-surgical approaches are still being studied with no proven efficacy for them until now
RESUMO
Background: Subdural hematoma is extra-cerebral accumulation of blood between the dura matter and the subarachnoid layer. It is almost always caused by trauma or due to blood thinning therapies, and occurs due to rupture of bridging veins. Acute subdural hematoma is an emergency situation and requires prompt diagnosis using CT most of the time, and management requires surgery as well as reversal of anticoagulants
Materials and methods: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1985, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: subdural hematoma, emergency management of subdural hematoma, CT vs. MRI in diagnosis of subdural hematoma, treatment of subdural hematoma
Aim: In this review, we aim to study the etiology of subdural hematoma, explore how to diagnose and manage it in the emergency department
Conclusion: Subdural hematoma is an important clinical presentation that needs proper and prompt surgical management and treatment. Treatment should be as less invasive as possible, with higher efficacy and lower recurrence rates. Non-surgical approaches are still being studied with no proven efficacy for them until now
RESUMO
Background: obesity was reported to be highly prevalent in KSA. Bariatric surgery is considered as the most effective, beneficial, and permanent method for treatment of obesity and decreasing the long-term mortality
Objectives: evaluating the knowledge and beliefs about the safety and effectiveness of bariatric surgery among adult Saudi population
Methods: a questionnaire based on cross-sectional study was distributed among 790 adult Saudi population forms January 2017- June 2017. The questionnaire was based on 4 aspects including subject's demographics, anthropometric measures, knowledge about obesity and its causes and beliefs about Bariatric surgery
Results: overweight and obesity were found to be high among the studied population. The most common causes for obesity were bad life style habits and genetic factors. There was a good knowledge about obesity but low favorable beliefs about bariatric surgery as 55.7% of subjects have non-favorable beliefs about the Bariatric surgery and 44.3% have favorable beliefs about the surgery. The favorable beliefs about bariatric surgery were significantly associated with female gender and subjects having high BMI scores
Conclusion: the knowledge of subjects about obesity and its preventive measures were high but the favorable perceptions about Bariatric surgeries were low. These results indicated that efficient educational programs about obesity and Bariatric surgeries are needed for control of obesity and its complications as well as increasing the availability of weight loss surgeries
RESUMO
Sinusitis is categorized by inflammation of the lining of the paranasal sinuses. As the nasal mucosa is instantaneously involved and as sinusitis infrequently occurs without concurrent rhinitis, rhinosinusitis is currently the preferred term for this condition. Acute sinusitis is a clinical diagnosis; thus, an understanding of its presentation is of paramount importance in differentiating this entity from allergic or vasomotor rhinitis and common upper respiratory infections. No precise clinical sign or symptom is sensitive or specific for acute sinusitis, so the overall clinical impression should be used to guide management. Chronic sinusitis is an inflammatory procedure that includes the paranasal sinuses and persists for 12 weeks or longer. The literature has reinforced that chronic sinusitis is nearly always accompanied by concurrent nasal airway inflammation and is frequently preceded by rhinitis symptoms; hence, the term chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS] has evolved to more accurately define this condition. Treatment of sinusitis, whether medical or surgical, is intended at decreasing inflammation and obstruction in the sinonasal passages. Antibiotics, even though frequently used in sinusitis, ought to not be managed unless there is suspicion of an acute bacterial infection