Antioxidant vitamin status in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients

The study was designed to determine and compare the levels of both water soluble and fat soluble naturally occurring antioxidant vitamins, in order to know the antioxidant vitamin status of the type 1 diabetic and non-diabetic healthy individuals. Material and This case control study was conducted at Department of Chemistry, University of Peshawar from November 2004 to August 2005. Blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c and antioxidant vitamins [beta-Carotene, A, E, and C] levels were determined in 30 Type 1 diabetic and 30 healthy subjects. Values of blood glucose and lipid parameters were observed to be significantly increased [P 0.001] with exception of HDL-c, which was significantly decreased [P 0.001] in Type 1 diabetic patients. The concentration of antioxidant vitamins [b-carotene, E and C] were found to be significantly low in Type 1 diabetics when compared with normal healthy controls. Observation of low levels of antioxidant vitamins suggests possibly significant defects in antioxidant protection in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

Iron deficient children and significance of serum ferritin

to evaluate the significance of serum ferritin in iron deficiency anaemia as compared to other indices. Children were selected as anaemic and non-anaemic on the basis of hemoglobin [10g/dl] and transferrin saturation [15%]. Red cell morphology, hemoglobin, serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin were determined. Red cell morphology was of little significance. Haemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin saturation and serum ferritrin were all lower in children. A positive correlation of serum ferritin with age, haemoglobin, serum iron and transferrin saturation and a negative correlation with TIBC was found. Serum ferritin was more sensitive indicator as compared to serum iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation

Iron deficient children and significance of serum ferritin

To evaluate the significance of serum ferritin in iron deficiency anaemia as compared to other indices. Children were selected as anaemic and non-anaemic on the basis of hemoglobin [10g/dl] and transferrin saturation [15%]. Red cell morphology, hemoglobin, serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin were determined. Red cell morphology was of little significance. Haemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin saturation and serum ferritrin were all lower in children. A positive correlation of serum ferritin with age, haemoglobin, serum iron and transferrin saturation and a negative correlation with TIBC was found. Serum ferritin was more sensitive indicator as compared to serum iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation

Comparison of lipoprotein [a] and serum cholesterol in offspring of patients diagnosed as myocardial infarction

The value of lipoprotein [a] [Lp[a]] in the prediction of coronary artery disease [CAD] or myocardial infarction [MI], is an established independent risk factor for premature MI. This study was conducted to diagnose offspring at risk. Material and A total of 120 subjects were investigated. Serum Lp [a] and total serum cholesterol were measured by ELISA and serum cholesterol by enzymatic colorimetric [CHOD-PAD] method using standard kits from Spincreact, Spain. Differences in levels of total Lp [a] and cholesterol were found between patients and control. Both Lp [a] 16.23+1.99 mg/dL and cholesterol 175.0+7.63 mg/dL of patients were higher than the controls. Lp [a] is a strong lipid variable predisposing to CAD

Diabetes mellitus and its concomitant disorders in Afghan refugees residing in Peshawar, Pakistan

To determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus and its concomitant disorders in Afghan Refugees. Material and This study was carried out to see the prevalence of a number of diseases in Afghan Refugees attending different dispensaries and hospitals under Red Cross control, located in Peshawar, Pakistan. The diseases that were looked for were diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, nephritis, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus with concomitant disorders like hepatitis, nephritis and hyperlipidemia. A total of 456 Afghan patients were seen with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, nephritis, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus with concomitant disorders like hepatitis, nephritis and hyperlipidemia, attending different dispensaries and hospitals under Red Cross control, located in Peshawar, Pakistan, during a two year study period. Blood glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, total and direct bilirubin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and alkaline phosphatase [ALP] were determined by colorimetric method. Four hundred and fifty-six patients examined during the study period included 255 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus [NIDDM], 80 with hepatitis, 69 with nephritis, and 52 with hyperlipidemia. Out of 255 diabetic patients, 45 diabetics had hyperlipidemia, 37 had nephritis, and 22 had hepatitis, whereas the remaining 151 diabetic patients were not having any other concomitant disorder. The patients were divided into adult age group [18 ' 50 years] and old age group [51 ' 80 years]. The level of total and direct bilirubin was found significantly higher [P < 0.01] in adult male when compared to the old age male patients with hepatitis, whereas the level of serum AST and ALT were found significantly increased [P < 0.05] in old age patients as compared to adult age group patients with hepatitis. Adult male patients had significantly increased levels of cholesterol as compared to the old age male patients with hyperlipidemia. Blood urea levels in old age female group showed a significant difference [P < 0.05] when compared to adult age female patients with nephritis. The rest of the parameters were found statistically indifferent in both sexes in adult and old age patients with nephritis. In female diabetic patients with nephritis the blood uric acid levels were found to be significantly lower in old age patients as compared to the adult age group patients. The frequency of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was found to be very high in Afghan refugees in Peshawar then the rest of the diseases and the percentage of male patients in all groups of diseased subjects is higher than the female