Acute liver failure and self-medication / Falência hepática aguda e automedicação

INTRODUCTION: Not responsible self-medication refers to drug use in high doses without rational indication and often associated with alcohol abuse. It can lead to liver damage and drug interactions, and may cause liver failure. AIM: To warn about how the practice of self-medication can be responsible for acute liver failure. METHOD: Were used the Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO and Lilacs, and additional information on institutional sites of interest crossing the headings acute liver failure [tiab] AND acetaminophen [tiab]; self-medication [tiab] AND acetaminophen [tiab]; acute liver failure [tiab] AND dietary supplements [tiab]; self-medication [tiab] AND liver failure [tiab] and self-medication [tiab] AND green tea [tiab]. In Lilacs and SciELO used the descriptor self medication in Portuguese and Spanish. From total surveyed were selected 27 articles and five sites specifically related to the purpose of this review. CONCLUSIONS: Legislation and supervision disabled and information inaccessible to people, favors the emergence of cases of liver failure drug in many countries. In the list of released drugs that deserve more attention and care, are some herbal medicines used for the purpose of weight loss, and acetaminophen. It is recommended that institutes of health intensify supervision and better orient their populations on drug seemingly harmless, limiting the sale of products or requiring a prescription for release them. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Automedicação não responsável refere-se ao uso de medicamentos em altas doses, sem parâmetros racionais e associada frequentemente ao álcool. Ela pode levar à interações medicamentosas danosas ao fígado, podendo causar falência hepática. OBJETIVO: Alertar sobre o quanto a prática da automedicação não responsável pode levar falência hepática aguda. MÉTODO: Foram utilizadas as bases Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO e Lilacs, e informações adicionais em sites institucionais de interesse cruzando os descritores acute liver failure[tiab] AND acetaminophen[tiab]; self-medication[tiab] AND acetaminophen[tiab]; acute liver failure[tiab] AND dietary supplements[tiab]; self-medication[tiab] AND liver failure[tiab]; e self-medication[tiab] AND green tea[tiab]. Na Lilacs e SciELO utilizou-se o descritor automedicação em português e espanhol. Do total pesquisado selecionou-se 27 artigos e cinco sites relacionados especificamente ao objetivo desta revisão. CONCLUSÕES: Legislação e fiscalização deficientes e informações pouco acessíveis à população favorecem ao aparecimento de casos de falência hepática medicamentosa em diversos países. Na lista de medicamentos liberados que merecem maior atenção e cuidado, encontraram-se alguns fitoterápicos utilizados com o objetivo de emagrecer, e o analgésico paracetamol. Recomenda-se que organismos nacionais de farmacovigilância intensifiquem a fiscalização e melhor orientem suas populações no consumo de medicamentos aparentemente inofensivos, limitando a sua venda produtos ou exigindo receita médica para liberação. .

Seroprevalence of antibodies to chlamydophila abortus in ovine in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

The goal of this study was to perform a seroepidemiological investigation and to identify risk factors associated with infection of Chlamydophila abortus of sheep herds in the Brazilian state of Alagoas. The study was conducted with samples of 274 ewes with ages equal to or higher than 24 months in 25 herds and in 23 towns located in three regions of the state (Sertão, Agreste and Eastern Alagoas). Anti-C. abortus antibodies were detected using the microcomplement fixation test. The risk factors, were determined based on questionnaires consisting of objective questions, about the farmer and general characteristics of the herd like size, sanitary situation and reproductive management. Among 274 sera samples analyzed for C. abortus, 59 (21.5 percent) were positive with titers >32, 187 (68.3 percent) negative and 28 (10.2 percent) suspect with titers >16. In the 23 towns studied, 20 had positive animals. Among herds 21 (77.7 percent) of had positive animals. The only variable which appeared to be significant in the multivariate analysis was the region, and Sertão was the most significant (p<0.001; OR=3.48; T.I. 1.79 - 6.76). Results indicate that infection by Chlamydophila abortus is widespread on sheep farms in the State of Alagoas. Others studies, however, have to be conducted to isolate the agent in order to confirm the role of the bacteria is reproductive disturbances in sheeps. In addition to that, control and prophylactic measures along with health promoting programs have to be encouraged on the studied farms so that infection reates are reduced.