RESUMO
We set up a simple extracorporeal circuit, modified from the extracorporeal method generally used in conventional hemodialysis, for exchange transfusion. Temporary vascular access was used in exchange transfusion for both draining the infected blood and infusion of the freshly non-infected blood. This method of exchange transfusion was performed in 3 severe complicated falciparum malaria patients who had a percentage of parasitemia of 80, 40, and 35. The magnitude of parasitemia decreased immediately to less than one per cent and this value persisted twenty-four hours after the procedure. No complications of exchange transfusion were detected in all patients. Erythrocyte morphology determined by scanning electron microscopy was unaltered by exchange transfusion. Because of the simplicity, the effectiveness, and the safety of the procedure, this extracorporeal circuit modified from hemodialysis circuit would be a more beneficial exchange transfusion method in the treatment of severe complicated falciparum malaria than the manually-performed one.