To see the role of metformin in decreasing hyperinsulinemia and body weight and presentation of poly cystic ovarian disease

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of metformin in decreasing hyperinsulinemia and body weight in our population and see the pattern of presentation of PCOD

Study Design: Observational / Descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: This descriptive study was held in the Gynecology Department of Peoples University of Medical and Health Science, Nawabshah Pakistan from 2nd Jan 2013 to Nov 2014

Materials and Methods: Overall 329 cases satisfying the inclusion criteria were incorporated in the study. Criteria for inclusion were founded upon presence on U/S with two or further of the given criteria like hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, and oligomenorrhea and proportion of reversed LH: FSH

After receiving well-informed consent, demographic data and comprehensive history were recorded on self-created questionnaire. A comprehensive analysis was conducted. Relevant analyzes were made and metformin was initialized with a dosage of 250 milligram s.i.d. [I/day] in starting then step by step adjusted to 500-milligram t.i.d. [thrice/day] for six months. Weight loss was promoted through exercise and diet. Cases were evaluated later than 6 months to analyze their serum fasting insulin and change in BMI. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS V. 17.0. P value less than 0.05 taken significant after applying the paired t test and Chi-square test

Results: Total 335 women were included in the study, but six patients had lost follow-up. Complete data was available for 329 patients, which is evaluated. Most common presentation of these patients with PCOD was oligomenorrhea which is seen in 253 [76.89%] patients. Mean serum fasting insulin before treatment was 23.47 micro U/ ml. After six months treatment with metformin, it decreases to 20.78 micro U/ ml [P=<0.001]

Mean body weight before treatment was 69.4 kg and after treatment, it was 68.8kg [P= 0.6167]

Conclusion: Metformin was a useful treatment in decreasing the level of insulin. Further large sample size studies are required

Factors affecting physical violence in pregnancy

Objective: To assess the factors affecting physical violence in pregnancy

Study Design: Observational / descriptive / cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Obs. and Gynae Department of People University of Medical and Health Science, Nawabshah Sindh from July 2013 to June 2014

Materials and Methods: All women who attended gynae OPD of Peoples university hospital Nawabshah, and had pregnancy ever, were included in the study

Predesigned questionnaire was made and after taking verbal informed consent

Women were interviewed separately

Questions were asked about their relationship with their husbands and family members and physical abuse during pregnancy etc

Results: Total 190 women were enrolled in this study. Out of these, 161[84.7%] women had physical violence during pregnancy while 29 [15.3%] women had no abuse

Factors were significantly related with physical abuse during pregnancy

Women belonging to poor class were more involved in physical violence as compared to upper class [P= 0.000]

Illiterate husbands were more involved in physical abuse than graduates, but results were not significant statistically [P= 0.12]

Conclusion: Poor socioeconomic condition, nuclear family structure and addicted husbands were more involved in physical violence during pregnancy

To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia in primiparous women, with hypertension

Objective: Objective of this study to determine the abnormalities of lipid profile in primiparous women with hypertension

Study Design: Observational study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Gynae Department of MMC and of PUMHSNawabshah from March 2012 to February2014

Materials and Methods: Total 100 primiparous women were chosen in this study after the diagnosis of the gestational hypertension. Cases from second trimester of gestational age were incorporated. Women with systolic blood pressure >130 mmHg, and d blood pressure >90 mm of Hg were considered as hypertensive. Every one of the women with known of fetal abnormalities, DM, abnormalities of the thyroid, ischemic coronary illness, renal failure, liver disease and previous history of lipid profile variations and hypertension before the pregnancy were rejected from the study. Blood tests of all the chose women's were taken in fasting and refer to hospital diagnostic laboratory for lipid profile. After the taking the reports information with respect to lipid profile and hypertension were recorded on the proforma

Results: Total 100 ladies were incorporated, mean age was [mean +SD=28.5 +/- 4.2] years, gestational age was discovered [mean +SD=30.2 +/- 3.1 weeks]. Greater part of the women was found with overweight 68%.Dyslipidemia was found in 59% of the women, while 41% women were noted with ordinary lipid profile. As per the abnormalities of lipid profile, all total cholesterol found up in the 49% of the women, taking after by brought LDL was up in 42.0%, HDL was up in 20%, and TG was noted up in the 53.0% of the women. While in the 45% ladies HDL was noted decreased and 35% women were noted with normalHDL

Conclusion: Variations in the lipid profile are the major reason for hypertension inprimiparous women. Therefore it is very important that serum lipid profiles should be constantly observed all through the entire pregnancy period from ahead of diagnosis of hypertension to reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality in youngwomen