RESUMO
Background: Over the last few decades, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has increased almost to extent of an epidemic disease. The rate of ectopic pregnancy has increased from 0.5% in 1970 to 2% today. The aim of this study was to determine incidence, clinical presentation, risk factor, treatment, morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy.Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted over a period of 2 year in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, JMCH, Jhalawar from Jan 2015 to Dec 2017. A total of 64 patients with ectopic pregnancy were analyzed.Results: Total 64 cases of ectopic pregnancy were admitted in this duration and total no. deliveries in these 2 year was 18176. So, incidence of ectopic pregnancy at our institute is 0.35%. Most common presenting complain was pain abdomen (in 93.75%) cases. Classical triad of pain, amenorrhea and bleeding was present in 48.3% cases.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and timely intervention in the form of medical treatment or conservative surgery not only reduces maternal morbidity but also preserves future fertility.
RESUMO
Background: Gustatory dysfunction associated with vestibular schwannomas (VS) is a poorly represented clinical presentation. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-nine cases operated from 1997 to 2005 where at least six-month follow-up was available were included. All patients were tested for taste sensations using four modalities of standard taste solutions. Apart from the taste sensations, any altered or abnormal taste perceptions were recorded both in the preoperative and postoperative period. Results: After applying the exclusion criteria, the taste dysfunction was studied in 142 patients. The evidence of decreased taste sensation was found in 58 (40.8%) patients prior to surgery. Preoperatively, taste disturbance was found in 29 (37.2%) giant, 28 (45.9%) large and one (33.3%) medium-sized tumors, respectively. There were no significant age or sex-related differences. The postoperative taste disturbances were found in 65 (45.8%) patients. Among patients with anatomically preserved facial nerve, postoperative taste disturbances were found in 55 (42.3%) patients whereas nine (6.9%) patients reported improvement in taste sensations. Conclusions: Taste dysfunction is common following vestibular schwannoma surgery. Patient counseling prior to surgery is necessary to avoid any distress caused by taste dysfunction. Taste dysfunction should be included in the facial nerve functional grading system while assessing outcome.