Principais complicações da covid-19 e implicações futuras: revisão integrativa / Principales complicaciones del covid-19 y futuras implicaciones: revisión integrativa / Main complications of covid-19 and future implications: integrative review

Objetivo: sintetizar as evidências científicas quanto às principais complicações da COVID-19, ocorridas durante o período de convalescença, em pacientes adultos e idosos. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada entre março e maio de 2021 nas fontes: US National Library of Medicine National Institutes Database Search of Health, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Excerpta Médica Database. Utilizou-se o Rayyanna seleção e a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: identificaram-se 833 artigos, destes, nove compuseram a amostra. As complicações são neurológicas, respiratórias, psiquiátricas, cardiovasculares, nutricionais e musculares. Conclusão: as complicações mais preponderantes da COVID-19 são caracterizadas pelos acometimentos respiratórios e neurológicos, as quais implicam no aumento de pacientes descompensados nos serviços de saúde paraprocedimentos eletivos, aumento dos gastos públicos e na incidência de parada cardíaca extra-hospitalar.

Objective: to synthesize the scientific evidence regarding the main complications of COVID-19, occurring during the period of convalescence, in adult and elderly patients. Method: integrative review, conducted between March and May 2021 in sources: US National Library of Medicine National Institutes Database Searchof Health, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, Medical Excerpt Database. Rayyan was used in the selection and content analysis. Results: 833 articles were identified, of which nine comprised the sample. The complications are neurological, respiratory, psychiatric, cardiovascular, nutritional and muscular. Conclusion: the most preponderant complications of COVID-19 are characterized by respiratory and neurological disorders, which imply an increase in decompensated patients in health services, for elective procedures, an increase in public spending and an incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Objetivo: sintetizar la evidencia científica sobre las principales complicaciones de la COVID-19, ocurridas durante el período de convalecencia, en pacientes adultos y ancianos. Método: revisión integrativa, realizada entre marzo y mayo de 2021 en las fuentes: US National Library of Medicine National Institutes Database Search of Health, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web de Ciencias, Base de datos Excerpta Médica. Utilizou-se o Rayyan na seleção y análise de conteúdo. Resultados: se identificaron 833 artículos, de los cuales nueve conformaron la muestra. Las complicaciones son neurológicas, respiratorias, psiquiátricas, cardiovasculares, nutricionales y musculares. Conclusión: las complicaciones más prevalentes de la COVID-19 se caracterizan por afectaciones respiratorias y neurológicas, lo que implica un aumento de pacientes descompensados en los servicios de salud para procedimientos electivos, aumento del gasto público y la incidencia de paros cardíacos extrahospitalarios.

Efectos de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar en un epoc severo / Effects of a program of pulmonary rehabilitacion in severe epoc

Se describe el caso de un varón de 59 años, con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) severa, producto del consumo de cigarrillo. En la evaluación, presenta deficiencias en la capacidad aeróbica, en el desempeño muscular, en la ventilación e intercambio gaseoso, con alteración de sus volúmenes pulmonares, las cuales le ocasionaron limitación funcional y restricción en la realización de las actividades de la vida diaria. Se inició un plan de cuidado y acondicionamiento físico, consistente en incrementar la fuerza y resistencia de miembros inferiores y superiores, entrenamiento de músculos respiratorios y un plan de educación individual y grupal acerca del conocimiento y manejo de la enfermedad, además se le brindó soporte psicoterapéutico. Los resultados del programa mostraron efectos positivos en su condición de salud, en general, y en la disminución de su limitación funcional.

We report the case of a 59 year old male with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to cigarette smoking. At the clinical evaluation he presented deficit in his aerobic capabilities, in his muscular performance, in ventilation and gas exchange with variation in lung volume causing functional limitation and restriction in his daily activities. It was designed a therapeutic plan of physical training in order to increase strength and endurance in extremities, training of respiratory muscles and also Individual education and grupal program regarding knowledge and management of his illness along with psychological support. The results of this program showed improvement in his health condition and lessening his functional limitations.