Operative management of closed ankle fracture with AO techinque

The purpose of the study was to assess the result of closed ankle fracture with open reduction and internal fixation [ORIF] with AO Technique. Material and This study was done on thirty patients at Ayub Teaching Hospital Complex, Abbotabad from Jan 2004 to Dec 2004. All the patients had closed bimalleolar fracture. The medial malleolus was fixed with two self tapping malleolar screws with washers and lateral malleolus was fixed with one third tubular plates. The overall results were graded as excellent, good, fair and poor. In 26 patients [86.8%] fractures healed uneventfully and follow up were completed. Two patients [6.6%] developed wound infection, which were superficial and two patients [6.6%] developed skin necrosis. More complications were observed in patients who had high-energy trauma. Radiological and functional assessment was done at each follow up visit. The results were excellent to good in 93.4%. Displaced closed bi- malleolar fractures should be addressed with open reduction and internal fixation using AO Technique to get functional and anatomical acceptable results

Presentation of osteomalacia in Kohistani women

Osteomalacia is a common diagnosis in the Kohistani women presenting with aches and pains. This study was conducted to assess calcium and Phosphate levels in Kohistani women with osteomalacia. 50 diagnosed cases of Osteomalacia selected from amongst the women presenting with body aches were included in the study. History regarding age, marital status, parity, dietary habits, socioeconomic status etc was taken. The median age was 23 years. 74% were married. Most of the women had 5 children [mode]. Nine [18%] patients had hypocalcaemia, 10 [20%] had hypophoshatemia. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 13 patients [26%]. Six [12%] patients were pregnant at the time. 74% of patients belonged to the poor class. 70% of the patients drank less than 1 cup of milk per day. Body aches [100%], waddling gait [14%], proximal myopathy [12%], bone tenderness [6%] and carpopedal spasm [8%]. Conclusions: We therefore conclude that in comparison with other parts of the world where individual risk factors cause osteomalacia, Kohistani population has a higher frequency of osteomalacia due to aggregation of three major factors namely lack of sunlight due to geographical location, excessive clothing blocking available sunlight and nutritional deficiency