The Effects of Short-term Circuit Resistance Training with Supplementation of Milk, Cheese Juice, Whey Protein on Resting Level Apolipoprotein M- HDL Total Cholesterol, Lipid Profile, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide and Plasma Estradiol in Untrained Young Men.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most significant factors leading to death. This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 28 non athletic men. Subjects were divided into 4 groups. To the first group water (400 cc) was given, the second group received whey protein supplementation (50g), the third group had cheese juice (50g), and milk was given to the fourth one (400 cc), immediately after the training session. High-density lipoprotein (HDL), its sub fractions HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol, apolipoprotein M, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and estradiol were evaluated prior to and after training for 12 sessions, three sessions in each week. The differences were not significant for gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and estradiol in the fourth group after training in comparison with the first phase. A significant decrease in apolipoprotein M- HDL total cholesterol on resting level were observed in all four groups and in HDL3 cholesterol with cheese juice and also whey protein in comparison with prior phase (P-values were 0.02, 0.001, 0.000, 0.015, respectively) (0.01, 0.01). A significant increase in HDL2 cholesterol level was observed in the groups with cheese juice and whey protein in comparison with their prior phases (P-values were 0.02, 0.03, respectively). This study showed that circuit resistance training has positive effects on the lipid profile changes in untrained young men.

All-Age Group Polio Supplementary Immunization Activities; Garissa County; Kenya

The Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) has made significant progress towards attaining the poliomyelitis targets in the African Region and research; among other activities; has played a critical role. An overview of the contribution of a select few operational research (OR) activities undertaken is given in this article. These mainly concern social research targeted at understanding and changing behaviour to enhance effective intervention uptake. Lessons learned from this research for the planning and implementation of interventions are also discussed

Socio-economic determinants of delivery health care services utilization in Djibouti and Algeria [2002-2006]

This paper attempts to study the levels and differentials of delivery health care services utilization, as well as figuring out main socio-economic factors affecting utilization, taking into consideration country of residence. According to the levels of delivery health care, the results have shown tangible increase between the period of 2002 and 2006, as percentage of pregnant women who received childbirth care has increased from 86% to 98% in Djibouti, whereas, in Algeria the increase has raised from 93.2% to 99.9%. Country of residence has been found to have effect on utilization of delivery health care services; as women living in Algeria are 1.3 times more likely to receive maternal care during childbirth from skilled health personnel than those living in Djibouti. The government of Djibouti should deploy more skilled medical personnel to the most in need areas, especially in rural areas; and train traditional birth attendants and midwives in order to cover the insufficient number of medical doctors