RESUMO
Objectives: This study aimed to compare reference anthropometric measures of Omani neonates with the international standard growth charts of the World Health Organization [WHO] in order to determine the appropriateness of these growth charts to assess the growth of Omani neonates
Methods: This cross-sectional study included all healthy full-term Omani neonates born between November 2014 and November 2015 at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Birth weight, length and head circumference measurements were identified and compared to those of the 2006 WHO growth charts
Results: A total of 2,766 full-term neonates were included in the study, of which 1,401 [50.7%] were male and 1,365 [49.3%] were female. Mean birth weights for Omani males and females were 3.16 +/- 0.39 kg and 3.06 +/- 0.38 kg, respectively; these were significantly lower than the WHO standard measurements [P <0.001]. Similarly, the mean head circumferences of Omani males and females [33.8 +/- 1.27 cm and 33.3 +/- 1.26 cm, respectively] were significantly lower than those reported in the WHO growth charts [P <0.001]. In contrast, mean lengths for Omani males and females [52.0 +/- 2.62 cm and 51.4 +/- 2.64 cm, respectively] were significantly higher than the WHO standard measurements [P <0.001]
Conclusion: The WHO growth charts might not be appropriate for use with Omani neonates; possible alternatives should therefore be considered, such as national growth charts based on local data
RESUMO
Tuberous sclerosis complex [TSC] is a multisystem neurocutaneous disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and characterised by benign tumours in the brain and other vital organs such as the heart, eyes, kidneys, skin and lungs. Links between autism spectrum disorder [ASD] and TSC have been postulated for many decades, with TSC considered to be one of the main syndromic causes of ASD; however, precise confirmation of a relationship between these two disorders required validated diagnostic tools. Fortunately, accurate evaluation of this relationship is now possible with standardised criteria for ASD diagnosis. We report three children who presented to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between 2014 and 2015 with ASD and TSC. These cases demonstrate the spectrum of neuropsychiatric involvement in TSC and highlight the importance of screening children with TSC for ASD features in order to encourage the early enrolment of these children in educational and rehabilitation programmes
RESUMO
The aim of this study is to compare the value of digital rectal examination [DRE] and prostate specific antigen [PSA] determination in the detection of prostate cancer among Sudanese patients presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms [LUTS]. A prospective study was carried out in Gezira Hospital for Renal Diseases and Surgery in the period of June 2003- May 2005. Patients presenting with LUTS, had been screened for prostate cancer using PSA and DRE examination.. Serum PSA and DRE were measured in all patients. Trans rectal biopsy was performed if the PSA was over 4ng and /or abnormal DRE. A total of 124 elderly male pa3ents presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms [LUTS], 140 of them were at last diagnosed as benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH] and 54 patients were been confirmed with prostate cancer [PCa]. Their mean age was 65 years [range 45-20]. Elevated level of PSA [> 4 ng/ml] was found in all the patients with prostate cancer [n= 54] and 68.6% [n= 26] of 4PH patients. The rate of prostate cancer detection showed to be 25.7% for PSA > 4ng/ml, 13.31% for abnormal [positive] finding of DRE, and 27.8% for combination of the positive DRE and PSA > 4 ng/ml. The rate of 4PH detec3on showed to be 68.6% for PSA > 4ng/ml, 28.6% for positive finding of DRE, and 4.1% for combination of the positive DRE and PSA > 4 ng/ml. It was found that PSA determination detects a considerable proportion of tumors missed by DRE. And the combination of PSA and DRE escalates the probability of prostate cancer detection