Analytical study of stones and juice of the gall bladder

Twenty patients with gall bladder stone, admitted to Alexandria University Main Hospital, full clinical and laboratory examination and radiological examination were done. Cholecystectomy was done for each patient, bile juice and stone were analysed for chemical composition, cholesterol, phospholipids and bile salts, for the twenty patients [14 cases with mixed stones, 4 cases with cholesterol stones and two cases with pigment stones]

study of the metabolic aspects of leukaemias

This research was undertaken in order to find out the metabolic variations in three groups of leukemic patients in comparison with normal group. Several investigations were done to all patients and controls. Patients with acute leukemia showed significant decrease in serum glucose, zinc, sodium, potassium and serum calcium, while significant increase in serum uric acid, acid phosphatase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, copper and serum phosphorus. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia showed significant decrease in serum glucose, significant increase in serum uric acid and lactic A. dehydrogenase, while normal results were obtained from the other parameters. Results of chronic lymphocytic leukemia were within normal. Hematological studies showed variable degrees of anemia, thrombocytopenia in acute and chronic lymphocytic cases, but normal platelet count were found in chronic myeloid leukemia. Wide ranges of peripheral blood leucocytosis were found in all patients, except two acute cases; their count were below normal. Bone marrow picture in acute cases showed an increase in the nucleated cells in total count, and predominance of blast cells in the differential count. Reticulum cells, promyelocytes, myelocytes and monocytes showed marked increase

Urinary excretion of some catecholamines and their metabolites in patients with duodenal ulcer

Urinary excretion of vanil mandic acid [VMA], adrenaline, noradrenaline and total catecholamine were estimated in 20 patients of duodenal ulcer, [10 patients of healed group and 10 patients of active group]. There was significant rise of VMA, adrenaline, noradrenaline and total catecholamine in active and healed ulcer as compared to control group. In healed ulcer, VMA only was higher than control group. Basal acid output [BAO] was increased in active ulcer than healed one. There was no correlation between BAO and urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline in active or healed ulcer

Assessment of serum arginase activity in patients with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis

Arginase enzyme [ARG], one of the urea cycle enzymes found even exclusively in the liver, was estimated by a new technique in the serum of 50 patients with hepatic diseases in order to find a more specific parameter of the liver functions than the currently used ones. Those patients include patients with intestinal schistosomiasis, schistosomal hepatic fibrosis with or without ascites, hepatic coma, and infective viral hepatitis. SARG changes paralleled the serum transaminases changes in the different hepatic diseases, but it is more specific to the liver, while serum transaminases are affected in other organ lesions, e.g. in heart and muscle disease. So, SARG is more valuable for the evaluation of the parenchymal hepatic damage

Lactose intolerance in infants with diarhoea

Fifty cases of severe infantile diarrhoea and twenty normal infants served as controls were tested for their ability to digest lactose using the simple screening tests of measuring the PH and reducing sugar in the stools. Ten positive cases were rechallenged by lactose load test and the results were compared. The incidence of lactose intolerance was found to be 58% in infants with severe diarrhoea and it is found to be higher in matnourished compared to those of good nutritional status. The tests for lactose intolerance used in this work, namely the PH and reducing sugar of the stools go hand and were indentical to lactose load. Thus simple detection of reducing sugar and measurement of PH of stools can establish the diagnosis