Nematicidal Compounds from the Leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius Against Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Tomato

The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita caused a serious damage to many plants. The phenolic components of the leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius were investigated as potential nematicidal agents for M. incognita. Nine compounds were isolated and characterized as viz., 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose (1), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (Afzelin) (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (Quercetrin) (3), myricetin (4), myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (Myricetrin) (5), methylgallate (6), protocatechuic acid (7), quercetin (8), and gallic acid (9) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Compound 1 showed pronounced nematicidal activity compared to Oxamyl as a positive control. It showed the lowest eggs-hatchability (34%) and the highest mortality in nematode population (21% after 72 hours of treatment) at a concentration of 200 µg/mL. It exhibited the best suppressed total nematode population, root galling and number of eggmasses in infected tomato plants. The total carbohydrates and proteins were also significantly induced by 1 with reduction in total phenolics and increase in defense-related proteins. Thus, compound 1 could be a promising, more safe and effective natural nematicidal agent for the control of root-knot nematodes.

Lupeol long-chain fatty acid esters and other lipid constituents from cynanchum actum L fam asclepiadaceae

The petroleum ether extract of the aerial parts of Cynanchum acutum L. afforded beta-sitosterol, varies directly as amyrin lupeol, lupeol acetate and a complex series of fatty esters of lupeol, dominated by behenic [C16] moities. Gas chromatographic analysis of the saponifiables matter of the total extract revealed that it is composed mainly of oleic [C18:1] and palmitic [C16] acids

Chemical investigation of centaurea glomerata vahl

Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of Centaurea glomerata Vahl. [family compositae] afforded a lignan glycoside [arctiin] and four flavonoid aglycones three of them were identified as 3-methyl quercetin rhamnazin [7.3 dimethyl quercetin] and spinacetin [6.3-dimethoxy 3,5,7,4-tetrahydroxy flavone]

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of anthemis melampodina del

The light petroleum extract of Anthemis melampodina Del. fam. Compositae afforded two sesquiterpene lactones [parthenolide and 8-deoxycumambrin B] and a mixture of B-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol. The ether extract afforded four flavonol aglycones. They were identified as axillarin [3,6-dimethoxy-5,7,3'4'-tetrahydroxhflavone], rhamnetin, quercetin and patuletin [6-methoxy quercetin]

Methoxylated flavonoids from jasonia montana [Vahl] botsch

Ether extract of the aerial parts of Jasonia montana [Vahl] Botsch. afforded 5 methoxylated flavonoids, identified through their mp, UV and MS spectral data as 5-hydroxy 3,7,3',4-tetramethoxy flavone [retusin], 5,4-dihydroxy 3,7,3'-trimethoxy flavone [pachypodol], 5,4'-dihydroxy 3,6,7,3'- tetramethoxy flavone [chrysosplenetin], 5,7,4'-trihydroxy 3,6,3'-trimethoxy flavone [jaceidin] and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy 3,3-dimethoxy flavone