RESUMO
This article reviews some of the recent molecular aspects of breast/ovarian tumorigenesis, addresses the application of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations as predictory markers, and discusses the benefits and limitations of the approach of molecular testing of the malignancy. The efficacy and controversy around the option of prophylactic surgery for affected women is also discussed. Apparently, the most significant advantage of genetic testing is the increased awareness of women, of high-risk families and carriers of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations, with the importance of periodic medical examination. Analysis of some recent data of breast/ovarian cancers among the female population of Saudi Arabia shows low onset age, low frequency and diagnosis at late stages of malignancy. The potential of molecular testing for diagnostic and counselling purposes in breast/ovarian cancers in this community is presented