RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the impact of GOLPH3 expression in cumulus granulosa cells on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 119 women receiving ICSI due to male infertility at our center between April, 2012 and June, 2014 were enrolled in the study. Cumulus granulosa cells were collected from the women for detection of GOLPH3 expressions using immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and real-time PCR. GOLPH3 expression rate was compared between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI, and the associations of GOLPH3 expression with the laboratory indicators of ICSI outcomes were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunocytochemistry showed that GOLPH3 expression was located mainly in in the plasma of the cumulus granulosa cells. The rate and intensity of GOLPH3 expression in the cumulus granulosa cells differed significantly between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI (P<0.05). GOLPH3 expression was found to positively correlate with the numbers of punctured follicles, grade III oocyte cumulus complex, ICSI oocytes, fertilized oocytes, cleavage, high quality embryos, blastocysts, high quality blastocysts, and frozen embryos (all P<0.01). The results of RTPCR and Western blotting revealed significant differences in GOLPH3 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels in the cumulus granulosa cells between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups after ICSI (t=14.560, P=0.000). Western blot analysis revealed significant difference of GOLPH3 protein expression in cumulus granulosa cells between women with and without clinical pregnancy following ICSI.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GOLPH3 expression in the cumulus granulosa cells plays an important role in the development of oocytes and promotion of conception to affect the outcomes of ICSI.</p>
RESUMO
Objective To evaluate the effect of EZ extraction screws device on screwing out the reduced screws，broken screws, skidded screws in biomechanical test and clinical application. Method 4 femurs, tibias, radius, ulnas of 4 fresh skeleton specimen were divided into two big groups randomly as Group A and Group B1, B2 and B3: In Group A the screws were taken out by screwdriver; In Group B, the screws were clamped in medulla cavity filled with the bone cement,;B1 was the group of measuring skidded screws with the biggest torsion; B2 was the group of measuring skidded screws with the biggest torsion by one handle; B3 was by two handles. Four mechanics test models were made, and the clamping screws were divided into two types of 4.5 mm and 3.5 mm each for 60. The experiment specimen were tested on the universal testing machines with exerting 2 kN axial loading, and surveyed the greatest torque, the torsion angle and the power loss as well as the efficiency when drawing out. The empirical datum after statistics processing were compared among the groups. And EZ was also used for 12 example patients in the preliminary clinical practice. ResultsGroup A showed the biggest torque as 1.42～1.96 N·m for drawing out; Group B1 as 2.87～3.27 N·m; Group B2 as 3.06～4.83 N·m; Group B3 as 4.12～8.36 N·m. The significant difference （P<0.05）was found in each group. The average value of torsion angle in each corresponding group is 1.59°,0.77°,0.28° and 0.16°, respectively with the obvious difference （P<0.05）; The average value of power loss in each group is 12, 21, 32 and 45J respectively; and the power (mechanical efficiency) in each corresponding group is 0.20, 0.35, 0.53 and 0.75 T/s, respectively, which also showed the obvious difference （P<0.05）. EZ used in 12 cases were successfully screwed out with all the broken screws and maintained the integrity of the bone without any postoperative complications. Conclusions EZ extraction screw device has sufficient torsional strength and stiffness with enough clamping force, and could pull out stably and reliably, which is an ideal tool for the stub screws, crooked screws and slipped screws in skeleton.