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ObjectiveTo explore the policy framework, theoretical system and principles of educational placement for children with special needs based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for the multi-faceted educational placement services and methods for these children. MethodsBased on ICF theory and methods, public policy research techniques, and educational policy analysis, this study systematically investigated the policy architecture and theoretical underpinnings for the educational placement of children with special needs, focusing on an inclusive education-oriented system of multiple placements. ResultsThe study analyzed educational policies, emphasizing the rights to education under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and UNESCO's guidelines on ensuring inclusivity and equity in education which encourage the provision of individualized educational support services and reasonable accommodations to enable the effective participation of students with disablities in education. China, the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) have enacted laws and policies promoting inclusive education, integrating children with disablities into the general education system, and providing them with the same educational opportunities as other children. The development of special education focuses on tailored educational services for those children who need additional support and resources. Policies underscore the need to evaluate the specific needs of children with disablities and provide individualized educational plan based on these needs. ConclusionBased on core content from the CRPD, UNESCO's guidelines, and relevant policies from China, the EU, and the US regarding the education and educational placement services for children with special needs, the theoretical framework and principles of educational placement for children with special needs based on ICF are discussed, proposing contents and methods for constructing a multi-faceted educational placement service system for children with special needs.
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Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the most commonly used dialysis pathway in patients with end-stage renal diseases. However, it is prone to complications in the establishment and dialysis process, common complications include internal arteriovenous fistula maturation disorders, stenosis and thrombosis, etc. Early detection of AVF complications and appropriate intervention to maintain a smooth pathway can improve the prognosis of patients with end-stage renal diseases. Ultrasonography can be used to evaluate and assist in the maturation of AVF, early detection of common complications of AVF and interventional therapy. The advancements of ultrasound in the complications of AVF were reviewed in this article.
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Objective To observe the effect of tripterygium wilfordii combined with low molecular hepatin in treatment of chronic nephritis.Methods 102 patients who underwent renal biopsy and diagnosed as chronic nephritis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,each contained 51 patients.The control group were given ordinary western medicine,and both continued for therapeutical period of 4 weeks.the treatmem group were given tripterygium wilfordii and low molecular heparin besides ordinary western medicine.Results The treatment group's total effective rate 90.20%was obviously higber than the control group's 74.51%.and compared with the control group,there was significandy statistical difference(P＜0.05).After 4 weeks treatment,the treatment group's urine protein and serum creatinine、urea nitrogen compared with the control group also had significant differences all P＜0.05).Conclusion Tripterygium wilfordii combined with low molecular heparin could difinltely reduce the chronic nephritis patients' urine protein and serum creatinine、urea nitrogen,and had less side effect,and it Was worthy of being widely used.