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Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis is a rare testicular malignant tumor with high invasiveness and poor prognosis. Due to the lack of specific tumor marker and characteristic features in imaging, early diagnosis of testicular reticulum adenocarcinoma is difficult, and a final diagnosis depends on the pathological and immunohistological examination. At present, there is no systematic treatment guidance, and radical orchiectomy is preferred. This article reported a 66-year-old patient with right adenocarcinoma of the rete testis who underwent right radical orchiectomy. He refused adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy after surgery, and developed lung, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis 8 months afterwards. He was followed up at 15 months, when he was died of multiple metastases.
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Objective To investigate the significance of modified gold nanocages ( GNCs ) in photothermal therapy and radiosensitivity enhancement for murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells.Methods A molecule probe, CD44-PEG-GNCs, was constructed on the basis of GNCs.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) were used to analyze Au uptake by 4T1 cells.The cell counting kit-8( CCK-8) assay was used to determine the impact of the probe on the viability of 4T1 cells.The CCK-8 assay and the Hoechst/PI double staining were used to evaluate the photothermal killing effects of near infrared laser (NIR).The colony forming assay and the Hoechst/PI double staining were used to measure the viability of 4T1 cells after irradiation with 6 MV of X-ray.Results ICP-MS and TEM showed that 4T1 cells had an uptake of a large number of GNCs, in which the number of CD44-PEG-GNCs taken up by 4T1 was 3-4 times larger than that of PEG-GNCs.The cell toxicity assay revealed that in a certain range of concentration, GNCs showed little effect on the viability of 4T1 cells, which was reduced to 81.2%in 48 hours.The CCK-8 assay, the Hoechst/PI double staining, and the colony forming assay showed that after NIR irradiation and radiotherapy, large-scale apoptosis was induced in CD44-PEG-GNCs-contained tumor cells by photothermal therapy combined with radiotherapy, which had substantially better outcomes than other groups.Conclusions The GNC-based molecular probe actively targets 4T1 cells with little cytotoxicity, indicating that it enhances the sensitivity of tumor towards photothermal therapy and radiotherapy.
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Esophageal submucosal hematoma is rarely seen in clinical practice and its clinical presentations are untypical.Gastroscopy might injure the esophageal mucosa and cause bleeding.Computed tomography had the advantages of quick examination and formation of imaging,as well as non-invasiveness,which is helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the esophageal submucosal hematoma.The clinical data of 9 patients with esophageal submucosal hematoma who were admitted to the Yueqing People's Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,the First Affiliated Hospital of the Zhengzhou University and the Third People's Hospital of Wenzhou from July 2005 to February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The features of computed tomography examination of esophageal submocosal hematoma include the range of the esophageal submucosal hematoma exceeds 2 parts of the esophagus,the rip of the esophageal mucosa begins and ends at the physiological narrowing of the esophagus,thickening of the esophageal wall,stricture of the esophagus,annular thickening and eccentric thickening of the esophageal wall,crescent,spot or gas shadows of the esophageal cavity,the density of the hematoma decreases as the time passed by.These features of computed tomography are of great importance for the diagnosis of esophageal submucosal hematoma.