Effect of gut microbiota homeostasis on hematopoiesis in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of gut microbiota on hematopoiesis in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).@*METHODS@#Neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a model group (NEC group), with 6 rats in each group. Formula milk combined with hypoxia and cold stimulation was used to establish a neonatal rat model of NEC. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of intestinal tissue and hematopoiesis-related organs. Routine blood tests were conducted for each group. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the changes in specific cells in hematopoiesis-related organs. Flow cytometry was used to measure the changes in specific cells in bone marrow. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to observe the composition and abundance of gut microbiota.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the NEC group had intestinal congestion and necrosis, damage, atrophy, and shedding of intestinal villi, and a significant increase in NEC histological score. Compared with the control group, the NEC group had significantly lower numbers of peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphocytes (P<0.05), nucleated cells in the spleen, thymus, and bone marrow, and small cell aggregates with basophilic nuclei in the liver (P<0.05). The NEC group had significant reductions in CD71+ erythroid progenitor cells in the liver, CD45+ lymphocytes in the spleen and bone marrow, CD3+ T lymphocytes in thymus, and the proportion of CD45+CD3-CD43+SSChi neutrophils in bone marrow (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the composition of gut microbiota between the NEC and control groups, and the NEC group had a significant reduction in the abundance of Ligilactobacillus and a significant increase in the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella (P<0.05), which replaced Ligilactobacillus and became the dominant flora.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Multi-lineage hematopoietic disorder may be observed in a neonatal rat model of NEC, which may be associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and abnormal multiplication of the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia-Shigella.

Effect of Shengmai Yin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Radioresistant Cells / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism by which Chinese medicine Shengmai Yin (SMY) reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells CNE-2R.@*METHODS@#Morphological changes in EMT in CNE-2R cells were observed under a microscope, and the expressions of EMT markers were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assays. Through the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset and text mining, LCN2 was found to be highly related to radiation resistance and EMT in NPC. The expressions of LCN2 and EMT markers following SMY treatment (50 and 100 µ g/mL) were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays in vitro. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were measured using colony formation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays, respectively. The inhibitory effect of SMY in vivo was determined by observing a zebrafish xenograft model with a fluorescent label.@*RESULTS@#The CNE-2R cells showed EMT transition and high expression of LCN2, and the use of SMY (5, 10 and 20 µ g/mL) reduced the expression of LCN2 and reversed the EMT in the CNE-2R cells. Compared to that of the CNE-2R group, the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of SMY high-concentration group were weakened (P<0.05). Moreover, SMY mediated tumor growth and metastasis in a dose-dependent manner in a zebrafish xenograft model, which was consistent with the in vitro results.@*CONCLUSIONS@#SMY can reverse the EMT process of CNE-2R cells, which may be related to its inhibition of LCN2 expression. Therefore, LCN2 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with NPC.

Role of gut microbiota in the treatment of ulcerative colitis with traditional Chinese medicine / 药学学报

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, listed as a modern refractory disease by the World Health Organization, which is difficult to recover, whereas it is easy to be attacked repeatedly. UC pathogenesis is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gut microbiota interacts with bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan, and other metabolism, immune system, intestinal barrier, etc., which regulate each other and affect the occurrence and development of UC. The active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), single herb and its extracts, and formulae can effectively alleviate UC symptoms by regulating the diversity, structure, composition, and metabolites of gut microbiota. In this review, the TCM based on the regulation of gut microbiota in the treatment of UC and its related mechanism for nearly three years was summarized.

Efficacy of Modified Bushen Huoxuetang on Kidney Deficiency and Blood Stasis Type Early Unexplained Recurrent Abortion and Its Effect on Intestinal Flora / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To explore the clinical efficacy of modified Bushen Huoxuetang on kidney deficiency and blood stasis type early unexplained recurrent abortion and its effect on intestinal flora. Method::Totally 90 patients with kidney deficiency and blood stasis type early unexplained recurrent abortion were selected from March 2017 to October 2018.According to the random number table, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given Bushen Huoxue capsule, while the observation group was given modified Bushen Huoxuetang. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores and adverse reactions of two groups were compared, and the changes of serum inflammatory factors, coagulation function and intestinal flora were detected before and after treatment. Result::After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.11%, which was higher than 77.78%of the control group (P<0.05). The scores of TCM syndromes in observation group were significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group, while fibrinogen (FIB) was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The numbers of enterococcus, yeast and Enterobacter in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group, while the numbers of bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in observation group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was 11.11%, which was lower than 28.89%of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion::Modified Bushen Huoxuetang has a good clinical efficacy in treating kidney deficiency and blood stasis type early unexplained recurrent abortion, and can reduce the TCM syndrome score. Its mechanism may be related to the reduction of inflammation, and improvement of coagulation function and intestinal flora, with a good safety.

Clinical Study of Eight Nape Needle Therapy for Mild Cognitive Impairment After Cerebral Stroke / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of eight nape needle therapy in treating mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after cerebral stroke. Method By following a randomized controlled trial design, 200 eligible patients were randomized into an eight nape needle group and a medication group by the random number table, with 100 cases in each group. The patients all received basic medications, while the eight nape needle group was additionally intervened by acupuncture at the eight nape acupoints including Fengchi (GB20), Fengfu (GV16), Dazhui (GV14) and Xiangsihua points (Extra), and the medication group additionally received oral administration of nimodipine. The intervention lasted eight weeks, followed by a three-month follow-up. Before and after treatment, the two groups of patients were evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Barthel Index (BI). Result Respectively at four-week and eight-week treatment and the follow-up, the scores of MMSE, MoCA and BI showed improvements compared with the corresponding baseline (P<0.01, P<0.05);compared with the medication group, the eight nape needle group was superior to the medication group comparing the MMSE score at each time point after treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the MoCA and BI scores between the two groups at four-week treatment (P>0.05), but the differences were significant at eight-week treatment and the follow-up (P<0.01). Conclusion Eight nape needle therapy can effectively improve the cognitive function in patients with MCI after cerebral stroke.

Effect of Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang on Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang on recurrent spontaneous abortion due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. Method: Totally 80 eligible patients were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group, with 90 cases in each group. The control group was treated with lymphocyte immune; the Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang combined with lymphocyte immune was applied in the treatment group. Coagulation function[the part plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), fibrinogen (FIB), type plasminogen activator (t-PA), prothrombin time (PT), D-dimer (D-D) and tissue factor (TF), fibrin peptide A (FPA), fibrinogen (Fig), Plasminase-antifibrinolytic complex (PAP), glycoprotein platelet particle-140 (GMP-140), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT)], serum closed antibody (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+), inflammatory factor interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10)]were scored after the treatment. The rates of birth and adverse reactions in each group were compared. The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome differentiation of abortion spleen and kidney Qi deficiency was scored. Result: 5 cases were lost during the study period. The term delivery rate was 92.0%in the treatment group, which was higher than 73.6%in control group (PP+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+), inflammatory factors (IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-1β) and TCM syndrome scores were significantly lower in the treatment group than that in control group (P+), inflammatory factors IL-10 were significantly increased compared with the control group (PPConclusion: Shoutaiwan and Shaoyao Gancao Tang have a remarkable effect on recurrent spontaneous abortion case by spleen and kidney Yang deficiency.

Effects of Shengmai Jianghuang San on intestinal flora in nude mice with radio resistant cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国中药杂志

Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Shengmai San has the effects of enhancing immunity and improving blood circulation, and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma(Jianghuang) has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation and other functions. Shengmai San combined with Jianghuang is a new research direction in the study of anti-tumor of traditional Chinese medicines. The main treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is radiation therapy, but radiation therapy can cause a variety of side effects, and it also changes the composition of the intestinal flora. In this study, the 16 s rDNA sequencing platform was used to perform macro-sequence sequencing of the intestinal flora samples of nude mice bearing the veins of Shengmai Jianghuang San, and then the results of intestinal flora data were analyzed to investigate the effect of Shengmai Jianghuang San on tumors. The results showed that Shengmai Jianghuang San combined with irradiation could enhance the therapeutic effect of tumor treatment. Radiation therapy would reduce the total number and diversity of intestinal flora in nude mice, and also change the structure of the flora. Shengmai Jianghuang San could protect the diversity of colonies, and also partially restore the colony imbalance caused by irradiation. This study provides a research idea for Shengmai Jianghuang San as a sensitizing adjuvant for radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Analysis of types and metabolic profiles of hyperphenylalaninemia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the characteristics of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) and the differences in blood and urine metabolic index and their correlation.Methods A total of 137 patients with HPA diagnosed by the Pediatric Inherit Metabolism and Endocrine Department,Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University from January 2014 to June 2017,were enrolled.Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS),gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the concentration of blood and urine metabolites in children,and the patients were divided into different groups according to the drug load test of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and dihydrobiopterindine reductase (DHPR) deficiency.The HPA metabolite analysis of horizontal concentration by statistical differences and correlation analysis were performed.Results Among the 137 cases of HPA,there were 101 cases (73.7％) of phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency (PAH),and among them 21 cases (15.3％) were classic phenylketonuria (PKU),37 cases were mild PKU (27.0％),43 cases (31.4％) wcrc mild HPA.Thcrc were 22 cases (16.1％) with BH4 reaction,and 79 cases (57.7％) of non-reactive type.Besides,there were 36 cases (26.3％) of tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4 D),of which 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (PTPS) in 34 cases (24.8％) and dihydrobiopterindine reductase deficiency (DHPR) in 2 cases (1.5％).Urinary phenylacetic acid (r =0.673,P ＜ 0.01),phenyllactic acid (r =0.736,P ＜ 0.01),phenylpyruvic acid (r =0.642,P ＜ 0.01) were significantly correlated with blood phenylalanine (Phe) concentration,and the neopterin (N) (r =0.442,P ＜ 0.01) and biopterin (B) (r =0.398,P ＜ 0.01) had low correlation.Urinary phenylacetic acid,phenyllactic acid and phenylpyruvic acid had no correlation with urinary pterin.There were significant differences among PTPS deficiency group,BH4 response type,and non-reactive type(all P ＜ 0.05),but no significant difference between the BH4 reaction type and the non-reactive group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Through the analysis of the different types of HPA metabolic profiles,it can help to master the incidence and characteristics in the region,within a certain concentration range of blood Phe,the phenylacetic acid,phenyllactic acid,phenylpyruvic acid should not be tested by GC-MS alone.Uterine erythropoietin analysis of BH4D classification and identification of BH4 reaction,non-reactive PKU have a supporting role,so master the metabolic index of various types of concentration and relevance of HPA,it can provide basis for early diagnosis,accurate treatment and follow-up.

Mucoadhesive buccal films of tramadol for effective pain management / Filmes bucais mucoadesivos de tramadol para o controle eficaz da dor

Abstract Background and objectives: Tramadol hydrochloride is a centrally-acting synthetic opioid analgesic binding to specific opioid receptors. It is used in the management of chronic pain and is recommended as first line drug in the treatment of postoperative or orthopedic injury induced acute pain. The present work is designed to prepare and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal film of tramadol hydrochloride as a novel form of prolonged analgesia for patients with orthopedic injuries. Methods: Buccal films of tramadol hydrochloride were prepared by solvent casting method. The prepared films were evaluated for the various evaluation parameters like thickness, surface pH, weight uniformity, content uniformity, folding endurance, swelling index, in vitro drug release study, in vitro test for mucoadhesion and in vivo studies (primary mucosal irritancy test and analgesic activity). Results: All the formulations exhibited good results for physicochemical characterizations. In in vitro drug release study the films exhibited controlled release more than 12 hours. The formulation BFT2 (containing chitosan and PVP K-90) showed no irritant effect on buccal mucosa and elicit the significant in vivo analgesic activity with 57.14% analgesia against that of standard (61.04%). It was concluded that the mucoadhesive films of tramadol hydrochloride can be effectively used to alleviate the severe pain of orthopedic injuries with prompt onset and prolonged action.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: O cloridrato de tramadol é um analgésico opioide de ação central que se liga a receptores opioides específicos. É usado no tratamento de dor crônica e recomendado como fármaco de primeira linha para o tratamento no pós-operatório ou em dor aguda induzida por lesão ortopédica. O presente estudo visa a preparar e avaliar o filme bucal mucoadesivo de cloridrato de tramadol como uma nova forma de analgesia prolongada para pacientes com lesões ortopédicas. Método: Filmes bucais de cloridrato de tramadol foram preparados pelo método de evaporação de solvente. Os filmes preparados foram avaliados para os vários parâmetros de avaliação, como espessura, pH da superfície, uniformidade do peso, uniformidade do conteúdo, resistência a dobras, índice de intumescimento, estudo de liberação da droga in vitro, teste in vitro para mucoadesão e estudos in vivo (teste de irritação da mucosa primária e atividade analgésica). Resultados: Todas as formulações apresentaram bons resultados para caracterizações físico-químicas. Em estudo de libertação de droga in vitro, os filmes exibiram liberação controlada por mais de 12 horas. A formulação de BFT2 (com quitosana e PVP K-90) não mostrou efeito irritante sobre a mucosa bucal e provocou uma atividade analgésica significativa in vivo com 57,14% de analgesia versus a do padrão (61,04%). Concluiu-se que os filmes mucoadesivos de cloridrato de tramadol podem ser usados eficazmente para aliviar a dor intensa de lesões ortopédicas com início rápido e ação prolongada.

Clinical significance of combined detection of RF,anti-CCP antibody,GPI and anti-RA3 3 antibody in rheumatoid arthritis / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of combined detection of rheumatoid factor (RF),anti-cyclic cit-rullinated antibody (anti-CCP antibody),glucose-6-phosphatase (GPI)and anti-RA33 antibody in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Meth-ods One hundred and twenty-six patients with RA,60 patients with other autoimmune diseases and 60 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination were selected as the research subjects.The singled detection of RF,anti-CCP antibody,GPI and anti-RA33 an-tibody,and their combined detection were used to analyze their roles in RA diagnosis.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the four indexes in the RA group were increased,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05),the RF level in the autoimmune diseases group was increased compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the the autoimmune diseases group,the four indexes in the RA group were increased,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of RF to RA were 77.77% and 63.33%;the sensitivity and specificity of anti-CCP antibody to RA were 69.04% and 95.00%;the sensitivity and specificity of GPI antibody to RA were 25.40% and 100.00%;the sensitivity and specificity of anti-RA33 antibody were 27.77% and 99.16%,respectively.The specificity of combined 2 indica-tors was increased from 63.33% to 85.00%,which of combined 3 indicators was increased to 93.33% and which of combined 4 in-dicators even reached to 100.00%.Conclusion The combination of RF,anti-CCP antibody,GPI and anti-RA33 antibody indicators greatly increases with the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing RA and has clinical significance.

Expression of HDAC9 in different brain regions in mice with cerebral ischemic stroke / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and the subcellular localization of HDAC9 in different brain regions of mice after cerebral ischemic injury and explore the association between HDAC9 and ischemic stroke.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-one male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=9) and operated group (n=12). In the latter group, the mice with Zea-Longa neurological deficit scores of 2 or 3 following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were assigned into MCAO group (n=9). Immunofluorescence was performed to investigate the subcellular localization of HDAC9 in the brain tissues on day 3 after MCAO. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the expression of HDAC9 in different regions of the brain. Results Immunofluorescence showed more intense HDAC9 expressions in the brain tissues around the infarct focus, and in the cells surrounding the infarct, HDAC9 expression was obviously increased in the cytoplasm and reduced in the cell nuclei. Compared with the other brain regions, the ipsilesional cortex with MCAO showed more abundant HDAC9 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HDAC9 may be closely related to cerebral ischemic injury and participate in the pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke.</p>

The role of inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression in Parkinson's disease / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in patients with DPD,PD,depression disorder and healthy controls and to analyze the correlations of serum inflammatory factors in DPD patients. Methods Serum levels of IL-6,IL-18 and TNF-αwere measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits. Several scales were performedin DPD patients. Results DPD,PD and depression disorder patients had significant lower baseline levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwhen compared to healthy controls(P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in DPD patients were significantly increased after 4 weeks of anti-depression treatment(P < 0.05). No difference of cytokines levels in gender and in severity of DPD patients was detected Serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines were not significantly correlated with the UP-DRS Ⅲ,H & Y,MMSE and HAMD scores in DPD patients. Conclusions Serum inflammatory factors(IL-6, TNF-α)were altered in patients with DPD in the earlier course of disease. However ,the role of IL-18 remained unknownin the occurrence of DPD disease.

The role of inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression in Parkinson's disease / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)in patients with DPD,PD,depression disorder and healthy controls and to analyze the correlations of serum inflammatory factors in DPD patients. Methods Serum levels of IL-6,IL-18 and TNF-αwere measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits. Several scales were performedin DPD patients. Results DPD,PD and depression disorder patients had significant lower baseline levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwhen compared to healthy controls(P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in DPD patients were significantly increased after 4 weeks of anti-depression treatment(P < 0.05). No difference of cytokines levels in gender and in severity of DPD patients was detected Serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines were not significantly correlated with the UP-DRS Ⅲ,H & Y,MMSE and HAMD scores in DPD patients. Conclusions Serum inflammatory factors(IL-6, TNF-α)were altered in patients with DPD in the earlier course of disease. However ,the role of IL-18 remained unknownin the occurrence of DPD disease.

Broth dilution method for the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to protionamide / 中国人兽共患病学报

We compared the MGIT 960 method,the reference,and the broth microdilution method for detecting the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to protionamide (PTO).We performed drug susceptibility testing for 248 M.tuberculosis clinical isolates to PTO using MGIT 960 and broth microdilution method.In addition,a total of 117 isolates were randomly selected for further evaluation of the consistency of the minimal inhibitory concentrations determined by these two methods,and eleven concentrations of PTO had been involved accordingly (0.062 5,0.125,0.25,0.5,1,2,4,8,16,32,64 μg/mL).The MGIT method showed an average detection time of 10.1 days,while the detection period of broth microdilution method was 8 days,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001).In addition,the rate of the sensitivity,specificity and concordance between these two methods was 96.5％ (55/57),93.2％ (178/191),and 94.0％ (233/248),respectively.The Kappa value was 0.84.Comparison of the MIC values detected by different methods revealed that the overall concordance rate was 81.2％ (95/117).For the isolates harboring low MIC values (MIC＜8.0 μg/mL),the concordance rate was 86.3％ (82/95),while that of the isolates with high MIC values was only 59.1％ (13/22).In conclusion,our data demonstrate that the broth microdilution method showed excellent concordance with MGIT method for detecting the resistance rate of M.tuberculosis isolates to PTO,indicating that the broth microdilution method with available performance,short turn-around time and convenient manual operation was suitable for rapid detection of M.tuberculosis to PTO.

Antibiotic susceptibility and class I integron analysis of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the class I integrons and their gene cassettes of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA) , and to analyze the correlation between integrons and drug resistance. Methods PCR was used to determine the presence of integrase genes and class I integrons. The variable regions were detected by sequencing. Resistance genes of integron gene cassettes including metal-β-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs), 16SrRNA methylating enzyme and the OprD2 genes were detected by PCR. The VITEK-2 automated system was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of integron-positive IRPA strains. Results The positive rates of integrase genes and class I integrons were 23.3%(20/86)and 8.14%(7/86) , and five kinds of gene cassettes were detected in 86 IRPA strains. The class I integrons-positive bacterial strains exhibited different resistant patterns to 12 antibiotics with large number of resistance genes. Conclusion The class I integrons and their gene cassettes are associated with multiple drug resistance of IRPA.

Objective tongue inspection on 142 liver cancer patients with damp-heat syndrome / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the diagnosis evidence of objective tongue inspection for liver cancer (LC) patients with damp-heat syndrome (DHS) by dynamically observing their tongue figures using modern tongue image analytic apparatus, and to explore the effect of intervention on the tongue figures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tongue figures were collected from 142 LC patients with DHS by tongue image analytic apparatus. Red (R), green (G) and blue (B) values were analyzed. The r and g values were calculated requesting r=R/(R+G+B), g=G/(R+G+B), and b=1-r-g, and scored in combination with Chinese medical symptoms scale. The tongue figure and correlated scores were collected from 59 of them 3 days after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization intervention.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The range of objective tongue inspection of LC patients with DHS was as follows: as for tongue fur, 0.360<r<0.402 and 0.280<g<0.322; as for tongue proper, 0.404<r<0.470 and 0.243<g<0.301. The tongue figures and the average scores of quality of life, DHS, poor appetite, aggravated pain, decreased sleep quality and aggravated fever were obviously changed in the 59 LC patients with DHS after intervention, showing statistical difference when compared with before intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The range of objective tongue inspection of LC patients with DHS could be known by collecting and analyzing objective indicator of tongue figures, thus laying foundation for further studies with analysis of correlation between intervention and Chinese medicine based on tongue figures.</p>

Effect of Jiaosanxian on Reducing Blood Lipid / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To investigate the effects of Jiaosanxian (JSX, consisted of stir-baked Hordei Fructus Germinatus-Crataegi Fructus-Massa Fermentata Medicinalis) on reducing blood lipid. Methods: The model of hyperlipidemic mice was established by feeding high-fat diet. Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups: blank, hyperlipidemic, Zhibituo, low-, mid-, and high-dose [100, 200, and 400 mg/(kg·d)] JSX groups, and were continuously ig administered for 28 d. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum and liver and liver index were determined. Results: The contents of TC, TG, and LDL-C in serum or liver were decreased significantly but the contents of HDL-C were increased more significantly in the mid- and high-dose JSX groups than those in hyperlipemic group. The weight and liver index were decreased significantly with the dose increasing of JSX. The lipid-decreasing effects were improved with the dose increasing. Conclusion: These results suggest that JSX has the significant effects on hyperlipidemia. It could provide the experimental basis for the clinical use of JSX for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. © 2013 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.

Study on the risk of HBV infection among spouses of HBsAg carriers / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk of HBV infection among the spouses of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and to provide a reference for developing strategies on hepatitis B control and prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study including HBsAg carriers aged 20 - 45 years-old from the nationwide sero-epidemiological survey for Hepatitis B in both Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces in 2006, together with their spouses were selected as case group, while. HBsAg negative persons and their spouses were among the control groups, under the same residential areas, gender, age and age of marriage to the HBsAg carriers. Questionnaire survey and hepatitis B serological markers detection were carried out, together with the HBV genotype detection among the HBsAg positive couples between husband and wife by PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the spouses of HBsAg carriers, the positive rate of HBsAg was 13.21%, while the rate was 6.29% for the spouse of HBsAg negative population, with difference statistically significant (χ² = 4.23, P < 0.05). HBsAg positive rate among spouses of the case group was higher than that in the control group. Among the spouses of HBsAg carriers, the HBsAg rate was positively correlated with the age of marriage, frequency of sexual intercourse and condom use. There were 21 pairs of HBsAg carriers between husband and wife, and HBV were isolated among 13 pairs, and there were 11 pairs carrying the same HBV genotype, accounting for 84.62%. HBV genotypes would include 8 pairs of type B and 3 pairs of type C. However, only 2 pairs were infected with different HBV genotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High risks of HBV infection existed in the spouses of HBsAg carriers. It was important to ask the HBsAg carriers to take the initiative in informing their spouses, and carrying out the appropriate measures, such as safe sex or timely hepatitis B vaccination for the spouse of HBsAg carriers etc., so as to reduce the HBV transmission between husband and wife.</p>

Repair of tissue defects with free composite anterolateral femoral fascia lata perforator tissue flaps / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effects of repair of complicated tissue defects of several body parts with composite anterolateral femoral fascia lata perforator tissue flaps (fascial flap or fascial skin flap) with the aid of micro-surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2008 to August 2012, complicated tissue defects in 12 patients were repaired with composite anterolateral femoral fascia lata perforator tissue flaps. Two of the 12 patients suffered from a defect of scalp, skull, and dura mater as a result of resection of a malignant tumor of the scalp; 3 patients showed a defect of skin and tendo calcaneus in the heel and lower leg; 2 patients showed a defect of skin and extensor tendon in the dorsum of hands; the other 5 patients suffered from defects of skin and extensor tendon in the foot and ankle combined with exposure of bone or internal buttress plate. The size of tissue flaps ranged from 12 cm ×6 cm to 19 cm ×18 cm. The donor sites were closed by immediate suturing or skin grafting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 12 tissue flaps survived. Patients were followed up for 2 to 36 months. The flaps were shown to have good appearance, texture and function. Two patients with the defect of the scalp, skull and dura mater after a resection of the malignant tumor of the scalp did not have recurrence or herniation of brain tissue. The foot-raising function in 3 patients with the defect of skin and tendo calcaneus in the heel and lower leg was recovered, and according to Arner-Lindholm criteria the result was excellent in 2 cases and good in 1 case. The extension function of fingers of 2 patients with defects of skin and extensor tendon in the dorsum of hands was good according to the evaluation criteria of Chinese Medical Association Society of Hand Surgery for tendon repair of hand. The extension function of toes of 5 patients with defects of skin and extensor tendon in the foot and ankle combined with exposure of bone or internal buttress plate was recovered and improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Transplantation of composite anterolateral femoral fascia lata perforator tissue flaps with the aid of micro-surgery is an effective method in repairing the tissue defects of skull, dura mater, and the extensor tendon of hands or feet, with restoration of the extension function.</p>

Clinical characteristics and diagnosis of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-derived (MALT) lymphoma: a retrospective analysis of 29 cases / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical manifestations and radiological characteristics, diagnostic methods and outcomes of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-derived(MALT) lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective review of clinical, radiological and follow-up data of 29 pulmonary MALT lymphoma cases at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital affiliated to Tong Ji University from January 2002 to June 2010 was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these patients, there were 19(65.5%) males and 10 (34.5%) females aged from 27 to 73 (median 53) years old. Common clinical manifestations were cough (51.7%), fever (20.7%), apnea (17.2%), chest pain (17.2%), fatigue (13.8%) and weight loss (13.8%), while 9(31.0%) cases had no symptoms at diagnosis. The characteristics of the chest CT showed that 22 (75.9%) of the cases had patch infiltration or consolidation of the lung, 7(24.1%) of the cases had mass, and 15 (51.7%) unilateral and 14(48.3%) bilateral lesions. Their diagnosis duration varied between 0.5 and 96 months. 18(62.1%) cases were confirmed by surgery (15 open lung and 7 video-assisted thoracic surgery, VAST), 4 (13.8%) by percutaneous lung biopsy, 5 (17.2%) by bronchoscopic biopsy, and 2 (6.9%) by peripheral lymph node biopsy. The treatment methods included surgery, combined chemotherapy, radiotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine. The 1- and 3-year-survival rates were 92.3% and 87.4%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pulmonary MALT lymphoma is atypical in clinical manifestations and radiological characteristics, and easy to be misdiagnosed. Local diseases are mainly treated by operation while extensive diseases receive combined chemotherapy. A proper diagnosis is mainly based on pathological biopsy. Patients with MALT lymphoma have a favorable outcome. Poor prognosis may be connected with poor performance status and long diagnosis duration.</p>