RESUMO
Background: Stone size is a key factor in the determination of the success of treatment modalities. Recently, there has been a great advancement in technology for minimally invasive management of urinary stones such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopy, shockwave lithotripsy, and retrograde internal Surgery
Aim of the Study: to assess and compare the efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery [RIRS] in the treatment of kidney stones greater than 2 cm versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL]
Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out for a total of 118 patients, of which 46 patients underwent RIRS while 72 patients underwent PCNL between May 2013 and May 2017
Results: The mean duration of operation was 96.39 +/- 41.11 min in the RIRS group and 69.51 +/- 19.3 min in the PCNL group [p<0.001]. Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the RIRS group [1.32 +/- 0.6 vs. 4.19 +/- 1.9 days] in the RIRS and PCNL groups respectively [p<0.001]. Stone-free rates after one session were 67.4% and 90.3% of the RIRS and PCNL groups, respectively. Blood transfusions were required in two patients in the PCNL group. Complication rates were generally higher in the PCNL group
Conclusion: The present study concluded that RIRS can be a successful substitute to PCNL in the treatment of kidney stones with a diameter of 2-4 cm particularly in patients with comorbidities
RESUMO
Background: overweight and obesity are well known risk factors for high morbidity and mortality rates and are associated with chronic diseases including hypertension and diabetes
Objectives: evaluating the prevalence of hypertension [HTN] and diabetes mellitus type II [DMT2] in overweight and obese adult Saudi population
Methods: a cross sectional community based study was undertaken among 549 of overweight and obese Saudi subjects in Riyadh region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA].All enrolled volunteers were subjected to the following clinical history taking, calculating BMI, diagnosis of HTN and measurement blood pressure
Results: the age of the subjects was 20-35 years old in 23.9%, 48.2% were 36-50 years old and 27.9% were older than 50 years old. About 55%of respondents were females and 45% were males. 60.8% of subjects were overweight and 39.2% were obese. The HTN and DM prevalence were found to be significantly higher among obese subjects than overweight group
Conclusion: the results indicated that obese subjects were at increased risk of hypertension and diabetes. Also, obese females were more susceptible to DM and HTN than men