Epidemiological study of nocturnal enuresis in El Minia school children

To estimate the prevalence of primary nocturnal enuresis [PNE] in El Minia primary school children, and to examine factors associated with PNE and the severity of the problem. Subjects and In all, 1712 questionnaires were sent to parents of schoolchildren aged 6-11 years randomly selected from five primary schools in El Minia City, Egypt. The questionnaire was designed to collect information about the prevalence of and factors associated with PNE. Of the questionnaire distributed, 1192 [70%] were completed. PNE was reported in 102 [8.5%] of the children. Only 12 cases [12%] of these children [102] were wet > 3 nights per week. Factors associated with PNE included male gender, deep sleep, divorced parents or separated family and a positive family history of enuresis. Of these factors, only those children with deep sleep were more likely to have > 3 wet nights per week. The prevalence of and factors associated with PNE in El Minia district are similar to those reported in western countries, but the percentage of children with severe enuresis is lower than in Sweden, France and Turkey. Deep keepers are more likely to have severe enuresis

Holmium: YAG laser intracoproeal lithotripsy in the treatment of middle and upper urinary tract calculi: preliminary report

To evaluate the efficacy of Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy in treatment of upper urethral and renal calculi, 20 patients with a mean age of 47 years with upper urinary tract calculi [3 renal and 17 ureteric] were treated by Holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy via 7F flexible ureteroscope. The size of stones ranged from 7 to 20 mm [means is 10 + 2 mm]. All patients were followed for three months after treatment. Seventeen [85%] out of 20 patients were stone free at three months follow up. All stones were accessible using 7F flexible ureteroscope. All stones were fragmented regardless of its composition, size or location. No complications were encountered in relation to the procedure or laser fiber

Buccal mucosa graft for complex redo hypospadias repair

A total of 18 patients with complex redo hypospadias have undergone one-stage urethroplasty using buccal mucosal graft harvested from the inner cheek. Their mean age was 12 years [range 3-32]. Buccal mucosa was used as tube graft in 6 patients and only graft in 12. The meatal position was mid shift in 7 patients and posterior penile or penoscrotal in 11. Dartos or tunica vaginalis flap comprised the barrier layer in all cases. Follow up period ranged between 6-18 months. The overall complication rate was 38.9%. The complication rate was 50% for tube graft and 33.3% for onlay graft. Major complications in the form of graft slough and urethral stricture occurred in 16.7% of cases, while minor complications in the form of urethrocutaneous fistula and meatal stenosis occurred in 22.2%. The reoperation rate was 33.3%