Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of a water-soluble fraction from shark cartilage

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a water-soluble fraction (WSF), extracted with 0.1 M ammonium bicarbonate, pH 8.0, from shark cartilage were studied in several experimental mod-els. Orally administered WSF (1O mg/kg) caused 25.7 and 23.6 per cent inhibition of the paw edema produced in female Wistar rats (200-250 g) by carrageenan and dextran, respectively, after 3 h, as compared to controls. WSF administered orally had no effect on acetic acid-induced writhings in male Swiss mice (25-30 g) at the dose of 0.01 mg/kg, but caused 52.8 and 61.4 per cent inhibition at the doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively, compared to controls (No. of writhings/20 min, means ñ SEM: treated groups = 18.6 ñ 2.5, N = 12 and 15.2 ñ 1.4, N = 12, respectively; controls = 39.3 ñ 1.3, N = 77). In the formalin test (male Swiss mice, 25-30 g), orally administered WSF (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) caused 12.0 and 46.6 per cent inhibition of licking time, respectively, only in the 2nd phase (infiammatory) of the test (licking time, means ñ SEM: treated group = 18.3 ñ 4.4 sec, N = 7 and 11.1 ñ 3.4 sec, N = 13; controls = 20.8 ñ 2.4 sec, N = 44). The results suggest that a molecule of a protein nature in shark cartilage is probably responsible for the effects observed.

Plants used in traditional medicine of China and Brazil

Eventhough the rationale behind the use of medicinal plantes in Brazil and Chine is different, twenty four species are used in both countries. Scientific name, vulgar name and uses in both countries along with their chemical constituents are listed.