Serum malondialdehyde and adiponectin in albuminuric kidney disease patients

Background: Diabetes, hypertension, oxidative stress, obesity, adipocytokine dysfunction, and dyslipidemia are causative factors in development of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Adiponectin secreted from adipose tissue, has Reno protective effect against development of albuminuria in animal studies. The previous studies investigated the relationship between serum adiponectin level and urinary albuminuria in kidney disease patients, but the results are conflicting.Methods: The pre diagnosed kidney disease patients were divided into microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria groups, while control subjects were called as normoal buminuria group. The pre diagnosed adult kidney disease patients of both genders with age matching control subjects with no known comorbidity were included in the study. Whereas pregnant female patients and the patients with comorbidity were excluded from the study. The demographic data and the anthropometric data of control and kidney patients were recorded. The blood was analyzed for Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), electrolytes, glucose, calcium, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine adiponectin and malondialdehyde. The Urine was analyzed for Creatinine and albuminuria. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated.Results: The blood pressure, blood urea, creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, malondialdehyde, adiponectin levels were higher in albuminuric kidney patients as compared to normal control subjects. The mean glomerular filtration rate was lowest in macroalbuminuric patients as compared to micro and normoalbuminuric patients. The serum adiponectin and serum malondialdehyde both showed positive correlation with serum creatinine, and with albuminuria/urinary creatinine ratio.Conclusions: The study concludes that, positive correlation of serum malondialdehyde with adiponectin and albuminuria.

Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling of Listeria spp. from Raw Chicken Meat in Durg District of Chhattisgarh, India

Present work was conducted to determine the total aerobic plate count of raw chicken meat samples, isolation of the Listeria spp. and determining their pathogenicity along with antibiotic susceptibility pattern. The 100 raw chicken meat samples, collected from different retail outlets in and around Durg district of Chhattisgarh, revealed mean APC of 23.67×105 cfu/g (6.374 log10 cfu/g). Cultural examination of raw chicken meat samples showed an overall 37% prevalence of Listeria spp., comprising of L. monocytogenes (16%), L. grayi (11%), L. welshimeri (5%), L. ivanovii (3%) and L. innocua (2%). All the Listeria isolates exhibited a typical β-heamolysis with narrow zone on sheep blood agar and enhancement of hemolytic zone in CAMP test. The haemolytic Listerial isolates developed kerato conjunctivitis in Anton’s test and stunting as well as hemorrhages in liver and heart along with conspicuous thickening of CAM in chicken embryos. Results of antibiotic susceptibility testing of all Listerial isolates further revealed that most of isolates were multidrug resistance to antibiotics. The present work revealed that the raw chicken meat may act as an important source of Listeria for human being. The presence of multiple drug resistance among Listeria spp. isolates provides a evidence of the emergence of multi drug resistant Listeria strains, pointing to an increase in the potential threat to human health

Oxidative stress and antioxidant vitamins in cataract patients

Background: In Pakistan age related vision disturbances are mainly due to cataract. Various studies have reported relationship of ocular lesion with senile changes and diabetes mellitus resulting in reduced quality of life due to vision. Oxidative stress is an important factor in the process of cataractogenesis. The pathogenesis of the cataract may involve decreased activity of antioxidant scavenging system which includes non-enzymatic natural antioxidants as biomolecules such as carotenoids and vitamins. So, it is planned to investigate the level of serum antioxidant vitamins in diabetic cataract patients and in non-diabetic cataract patients.Methods: The study was conducted at Biochemistry department, Al-Tibri Medical College Karachi from October 2016 to October 2017. Ninety pre diagnosed cataract patients were selected from Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi 40 normal control subjects were selected from the same population with same socioeconomic group. The demographic data was analyzed. The random blood sugar, antioxidant vitamins (C, A and E) and malondialdehyde were analyzed in the blood sample of control and cataract patients. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results: There was no significant difference in the level of vitamin C, A, E and MDA between diabetic and non-diabetic cataract patients, but the blood levels of vitamins of control are higher as compared to the cataract patients. The level of MDA is significantly high in cataract patients as compared to control. Antioxidant vitamin E was negatively correlated with serum malondialdehyde in cataract patients.Conclusions: It is concluded that in diabetic and non-diabetic cataract low level of serum antioxidant vitamins may be a contributory factor for cataractogenesis.