Práticas de socialização maternas e problemas externalizantes de pré-escolares: um estudo longitudinal / Maternal socialization practices and externalizing behaviors in preschoolers: a longitudinal study

Este estudo avaliou a estabilidade e as mudanças nas práticas de socialização maternas, nos problemas externalizantes e o impacto das práticas, aos 18 e 36 sobre os problemas externalizantes aos 36 e 48 meses da criança. Participaram do estudo 22 mães que responderam a uma entrevista sobre práticas e ao CBCL. Verificou-se um aumento de práticas coercitivas dos 18 para os 36 meses e uma redução nos problemas externalizantes dos 36 para os 48 meses. As punições verbais e físicas estiveram positivamente correlacionadas aos problemas externalizantes, enquanto explicações e negociações estiveram negativamente correlacionadas a essas queixas. Discute-se a influência do desenvolvimento da linguagem da criança sobre as práticas de socialização maternas, e a influência dessas práticas sobre os problemas externalizantes

This study evaluated stability and changes in maternal socialization practices, in externalizing behaviors and the impact of maternal practices at 18 and 36 on externalizing behaviors at 36 and 48 months of child. Participants in the study were 22 mothers who answered an interview about practices and the CBCL. It was founded an increase of coercive practices from 18 to 36 months and a reduction in total externalizing behaviors from 36 to 48 months. Verbal and physical punishments were positively correlated with externalizing behaviors, while explanations and negotiations were negatively correlated to those complaints. The influence of language development in children on the maternal socialization practices, and the influence of these practices on externalizing problems are discussed

Maternal protein restriction affects gene expression and enzyme activity of intestinal disaccharidases in adult rat offspring

This study investigated the consequences of intrauterine protein restriction on the gastrointestinal tract and particularly on the gene expression and activity of intestinal disaccharidases in the adult offspring. Wistar rat dams were fed isocaloric diets containing 6% protein (restricted, n = 8) or 17% protein (control, n = 8) throughout gestation. Male offspring (n = 5-8 in each group) were evaluated at 3 or 16 weeks of age. Maternal protein restriction during pregnancy produced offspring with growth restriction from birth (5.7 ± 0.1 vs 6.3 ± 0.1 g; mean ± SE) to weaning (42.4 ± 1.3 vs 49.1 ± 1.6 g), although at 16 weeks of age their body weight was similar to control (421.7 ± 8.9 and 428.5 ± 8.5 g). Maternal protein restriction also increased lactase activity in the proximal (0.23 ± 0.02 vs 0.15 ± 0.02), medial (0.30 ± 0.06 vs 0.14 ± 0.01) and distal (0.43 ± 0.07 vs 0.07 ± 0.02 U·g-1·min-1) small intestine, and mRNA lactase abundance in the proximal intestine (7.96 ± 1.11 vs 2.38 ± 0.47 relative units) of 3-week-old offspring rats. In addition, maternal protein restriction increased sucrase activity (1.20 ± 0.02 vs 0.91 ± 0.02 U·g-1·min-1) and sucrase mRNA abundance (4.48 ± 0.51 vs 1.95 ± 0.17 relative units) in the duodenum of 16-week-old rats. In conclusion, the present study shows for the first time that intrauterine protein restriction affects gene expression of intestinal enzymes in offspring.

Queimados: estudo de 149 casos. / Burned patients: study of 149 cases

Este trabalho teve por finalidade estudar a ocorrencia de pacientes queimados internados no Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto da Universidade de Sao Paulo. Foram estudados 149 casos de queimaduras entre os anos de 1972 e 1981. Os resultados evidenciam que uma em cada tres pessoas que se queimaram tinha menos de dez anos de idade, sendo os meninos mais atingidos que as meninas. Nas quatro decadas seguintes foram mais frequentes as queimaduras por liquidos quentes. A maioria dos pacientes chega apos as primeiras 48 horas do acidente e o periodo de internacao e, via de regra, longo