RESUMO
Background: According to World Health Organization [WHO] in 2012, an estimated 1.5 million deaths were a direct outcome to diabetes and another 2.2 million deaths were attributively related to high blood glucose in a global population. As a consequence, researches confirmed that diabetics have a shorter life expectancy than non-diabetic individuals and this extravagant mortality is predominantly due to diabetic complications
Methods: We have conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study on Makkah Region population, Saudi Arabia. All Saudi patients diagnosed with DM, regardless the type, and living in Makkah regions were included in this study. The total sample obtained was 299 patients. A self-administered questionnaire, about knowledge of diabetes mellitus complications, was filled by participants
Results: Participants were classified into five categories according to age. Male and female groups percent was [39.1%] and [60.9%] respectively. Nearly two thirds of participants have the disease for more than five years [63.2%], and nearly two thirds were compliant to their medications [62.5%]. Three quarters of participants [76.9%] had positive family history of diabetes mellitus. [26.1%] of participants had only one family member with diabetes mellitus, [16.7%] had two members, and [14.7%] had five members or more with diabetes mellitus
Conclusion: To develop effective patient education and improve patients' diabetic control and own complications, educational strategies are needed so as they may help diabetic patients to improve self-knowledge and recognition of early signs and symptoms of DM complications, and this will prevent further deterioration, which will improve life quality and increase life expectancy for those patients
RESUMO
Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is a major health problem that is associated with psychological, as well as physical, complications particularly depression. Depression is well-known to be prevalent among diabetic patients and to be associated with poor glycemic control, poor adherence to medication, increased diabetic complication and higher risk of mortality
Objectives: The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence rate of depression among diabetic patients in primary health care units and diabetic centers at Makkah city - Saudi Arabia, and to explore the associated factors that co-exist with depression among diabetic patients
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 382 diabetic patients [both type I and II] recruited from diabetic centers at Al-Noor hospital, Hera'a hospital, and East of Al-aziziah hospital in Makkah, KSA. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire including demographic variables and the Arabic translation of Patient health questionnaire the Tunisian version [PHQ-9]. The data collected were analyzed using SAS 9.4
Results: After data analysis of the 382 participants 43.19% were males and 56.81% were females, with a mean age of 50.28+/-11.43 years. The prevalence of depression was 20.68%, with 12.83%, 7.07%, and 0.79% having moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. Hypertension, duration of hypertension, number of co-morbidities, and high education level were significantly associated with depression [p=0.0111, 0.0029, 0.0491, and 0.0158, respectively]. The odd's ratio of number of co-morbidities was 1.565 [p=0.0039]
Conclusions: Depression and suicidality are prevalent among diabetic patients in Makkah. When diabetes co-exists with hypertension and/or other comorbid illnesses the prevalent doubles. Hypertension, increased number of associated co-morbidities, and high educational level are significantly associated with depression in diabetic patients