Evaluation of contrast ultrasonography in comparison with voiding cystourethrography in diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in young children

The aim of this study was to compare contrast ultrasonography with voiding cystourethrography in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children. Thirty-one children were studied [21 girls and ten boys with age range 1-6 years]; 21 patients had bilateral reflux and ten patients had unilateral reflux with resultant 52 kidneys studied. The children were examined by conventional voiding cystourethrography. Ultrasonography using agitated saline as contrast material was done with monitoring the retrovesical ureters and the kidneys to detect refluxing material. Reflux was diagnosed by detecting the microbubbles in the ureters or the pelvicalyceal system. The results have indicated that voiding cystourethrography was used as gold standard for calculating the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography. Ultrasonography could not detect grade I reflux. It showed 84% sensitivity in the detection of grade II or greater reflux. Ultrasonography showed 100% sensitivity in the detection of grade III or greater reflux. The specificity of the procedure was 100%. It was concluded that contrast ultrasonography could be considered as a useful tool in the diagnosis and follow up of patients with vesicoureteral reflux except in grade I

Breast angiolipoma: mammographic, sonographic and duplex doppler characters

The aim of this study was to show the mammographic, sonographic and duplex Doppler characteristics of angiolipoma. Ten cases, all were females with age range 45-70 years, were collected over a period of four years. All the patients were subjected to mammographic, ultrasonographic and duplex Doppler examinations. The mammographic characters of the masses were ill-defined nodule which was homogenously dense in six cases and showed central lucent area in three cases. The ultrasonographic examination revealed well-defined nodule, oval in shape, with normal appearance of skin, nipple and subcutaneous tissues. The masses were homogenously hyperechoic in seven cases, while central hypoechoic areas were seen in three cases. No posterior acoustic enhancement was seen in nine cases. Duplex Doppler examination showed benign characters. The ultrasonographic appearance could share in the documentation of another benign lesion when a hyperechoic well-defined mass is encountered on breast ultrasonography