RESUMO
To determine frequency, pattern of distribution of congenital malformations in newborn. Cross-sectional observational study. Study was carried out in the Department of neonatology, Military Hospital Rawalpindi during the period of January 2008 to Dec 2008. All the newborns were examined and mothers were interviewed. Baby's antenatal record was also noted and recorded in a Performa. Antenatal ultrasonography record was also recorded. Any internal malformation was also noted. Babies who were found to have any malformations were screened for the congenital malformations. Screening was done with latest laboratory tests, radiological evidences and chromosomal studies for suspected trisomies. Congenital anomalies were noted in a Performa. Neural tube defect [NTD] was found to be the commonest type of anomaly. Among the most frequent NTD were hydrocephalus and menigomyelocele. Following that were the cardiac anomalies and genitourinary tract anomalies. Trisomy 21 was detected in two of the babies while one newborn had trisomy 13. NTD were the most prevalent anomaly detected and early prenatal diagnosis is helpful in decreasing the indirect prevalence of perinatal mortality by offering early termination. Folic acid supplementation should be advocated before conception