[Effect of Iliopsoas muscle tightness with active motion on extensor-flexor muscle strength of femor and thoracolumbar curves in adolescent soccer player]

Background and Objective: Stiffness and restricted range of movement [ROM] affect muscle balance and body alignment. The purpose of this research is the study the relationship between Iliopsoas tightness and hip active range of motion, extensor-flexor muscle strength and thoracolumbar curves

Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 15 adolescent's male soccer players with short length of Iliopsoas muscle as case group and 15 healthy adolescents witch matched based on age, height, weight, BMI, dominant leg and sport experience as control group. The range of motion was measured with universal goniometer, kyphosis and lordosis with flexible ruler and muscle strength with manual dynamometer

Results: The range of motion of the hip extension and the strength of the Iliopsoas muscle in the case group were statistically lower than the control group [P<0.05]. The rate of lumbar lordosis and the ratio of gluteus maximus to the strength of the Iliopsoas muscle in the case group were significantly higher than the control group [P<0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference between the range of motion of hip flexion, dyspnea kyphosis, and gluteus maximus muscle strength in the studied groups

Conclusion: Adolescents with Iliopsoas tightness have limited hip extension and greater lumbar lordosis and weaker Iliopsoas strength in comparison to healthy counterparts

[Kinematic and kinetic features of normal level walking in athletes with tightness of gastrocnemius-soleus complex: more than a sagittal plane alteration]

Background: A shortened Gastrocnemius soleus underlies many biomechanical interactions which is a contributing factor to the development of movement impairment syndromes. So, the present study was done to assess the impact of shortened gastrocnemius soleus muscle on kinetic and kinematic variables in athletes to identify the compensatory movement patterns done in system. Knee and ankle torque, range of motion and ground reaction forces recorded by gait analysis system. Independent T test was used to compare parameters between two groups

Methods: This descriptive analytical study was carried out on 10 athletes which suffered from gastrocnemius soleus muscle shortness and ten healthy male athletes

Results: Shortness group displayed an increased knee flexion in swing phase, increased maximum adduction and extension of knee in stance phase, and increased maximum eversion in loading response of gait cycle. Athletes with limited dorsiflexion also displayed a reduced dorsiflexion range of motion, knee flexion angle in stance phase. Also, whole eversion time of ankle in loading response, knee flexion angle of heel contact were reduced in athletes with ankle dorsiflexion limitation. Finally, the mean external rotation and extensor torque of knee in stance phase and maximum torque of plantar flexion in loading response were increased in athletes with gastrocnemius soleus shortness group

Conclusion: Restricted DF ROM may alter movement mechanics in a manner that predisposes athletes to muscle skeletal injury. Therefore, the attention focused on the rehabilitation of gastrocnemius-soleus complex with an emphasis on motor control is important

Hematoporphyrin encapsulated polymeric nanomicelles for photodynamically treatment of cancer

Nowadays, developements in nanotechnology have leeds an increased application of this newborn technology in cancer treatment. In this study, a stabilized micelle was developed to load HpD in order to be used in photodynamic treatment of cancer in an animal model. To construct micelles, Pluronic P-105 was used and stabilized to encapsulate HpD. This process includes a 24 h polymerization in which the first 3.5 h was in the presence of N[2] purge and was continued at 65[degree]C. In this reaction, NNDEA and benzoil peroxide [BP] were used for stabilization of micelles and initiation of reaction, respectively. DLS analysis of micelles revealed that the size of them before and after drug encapsulation was 14 nm and 23.5 nm, respectively. To assess drug loading, drug standard curve was obtained and its loading was obtained as 2 mg/ml. To extract free drug from complex, it was dialyzed against water and its stability profile was measured up to one month which was more than 80%. According to obtained results, this complex could be used to reduce side effects in photodynamic therapy. Besides, according to tumor characteristics and physical properties of micelles, it is possible to enhance drug release and uptake at tumor site