Neurological manifestations of dural sinus thrombosis

Dural sinus thrombosis is a clinical syndrome that has a diversity of signs and symptoms that can be easily misinterpreted with other common neurological diseases such as brain infections. To study the clinical presentation of dural sinus thrombosis among Sudanese patients seen at Elshaab Teaching Hospital. This is a prospective, descriptive, cross sectional, hospital based study conducted in Elshaab Teaching Hospital- Khartoum Sudan, in the period from November 2008 to July 2010. All adult Sudanese patients with dural sinus thrombosis who were admitted to the hospital and accepted to participate in the study during the period from November 2008-July2010 [50 patients] were enrolled. History, clinical examination and relevant investigations including MRI were done for all patients. Data were collected, analyzed, conclusions drawn and recommendations stated. Females [98%] in child bearing age were mostly affected. Delivery and pregnancy were the common risk factors; head ache, neck pain and stiffness were the frequent neurological symptoms. Papilledema was the commonest neurological finding. Saggital sinus thrombosis was found to be the major radiological finding and great majority of patients showed remarkable improvement with treatment. Dural sinus thrombosis is uncommon neurological problem, however the diagnosis should always be considered in the right clinical setting, as it is a treatable condition

Correlation between retinopathy, nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy among adult Sudanese diabetic in patients

Diabetes Mellitus is a worldwide common metabolic disorder. Increasing prevalence of diabetes, lack of proper education about the nature and course of the disease and necessary control are the main factors for an early onset of micro vascular complications. To correlate between retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, among adult Sudanese diabetic patients at Elshaab Teaching hospital, Ahmed Gasim Teaching hospital and Gabber Abu Eleaz centre, from December 2006 to September 2008. This is a descriptive prospective cross sectional hospital based study, 71 patients were included. Male to female ratio was1.4:1.Common age group affected was 60-69 [32.4%].Common duration of diabetes mellitus was 20-24 years [23.9%].All patients who had diabetes for 25 years or more had developed complications [19.7%].The commonest long term microvascular complication was found to be retinopathy [71.2%], followed by neuropathy [69%] and nephropathy [50.7%].It was found that [47.6%] of our patients had the three complications. Long-term micro vascular complications affect male more than female, with average age of onset 60-69 years. All patients who had diabetes for 25 years or more had developed complications. Retinopathy is the most common micro vascular complication, followed by neuropathy. There is a significant correlation between retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy in association with the duration and control of blood glucose level

study of knowledge, attitude, practice towards epilepsy among relative of epileptic patients in Khartoum state

People with epilepsy are suffering from a lot of un tolded negative impacts on their lives; due to misunderstanding of the disease and from the associated stigma. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice among relatives of Sudanese epileptic patients seen in Sheik Mohamed Kheir Neurological clinic and Elshaab Teaching Hospital. This is a descriptive cross- sectional community based study, 313 respondents were included, the duration of the study was from November 2008 to June 2009. Most of the respondents knew the disease, and had witnessed an attack. One third mentioned a brain lesion as the underlying cause of epilepsy. Most of the respondents mentioned loss of consciousness as the major symptom. More than two thirds mentioned that it is not contagious. Most of the respondents claimed that it can be controlled, and two thirds preferred medical treatment. The study revealed that half of the respondents had shown favourable attitudes and practice. The study revealed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice towards epilepsy needs community educational programmes to fill the gaps, and minimize the stigma

Clinical presentation of epilepsy among adult Sudanese epileptic patients seen in Sheik, Mohamed Kheirs Friday epileptic clinic-Sudan

To study the pattern of clinical presentation of epilepsy among adult Sudanese epileptic patients. 120 patients with epilepsy were included in a prospective cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at Sheik Mohamed Kheir Friday Epileptic Clinic. May 2003- Oct 2006. Males were [54.15%] while females were [45.85%]. In 80 patients [67%] no cause was identified. Cerebrovascular accident was found to be the commonest risk factor, 24 patients [20%] had a family history of epilepsy. 103 patients had generalized epilepsy while 18 patients had focal epilepsy. The prodromal symptoms and neurological signs were common among patients with partial epilepsy. 78 patients [64.8%] showed abnormal EEG. 12 patients [10%] with generalize epilepsy had abnormal CT of the brain, while 50% of those who had focal epilepsy had abnormal CT of the brain. Generalized epilepsy is more common than partial epilepsy. Prodromal symptoms and neurological signs were common among patients with partial epilepsy. EEG and CT Brain play an important role in supporting the diagnosis of epilepsy

Flaccid paralysis [guillian barre like syndrome] in Sudanese patients

To study clinical presentation of 24 Sudanese patients who had flaccid paralysis. The study was conducted in Elshaab Teaching Hospital [Sudan] in the period from January 2005 to November 2005, 24 patients were included in the study. A full detailed history and proper clinical examinations were performed by the authors. A list of investigations were done including urine, stool analysis, complete haemogram, urea and electrolytes BFFM, liver function test, Lumbar, Dorsal or Cervical MRI if needed, Brain M.R.I, nerve conduction study and C.S.F analysis. The study for viral infection revealed no evidence of circulating antibodies. Out of 24 patients 12 were males and 12 were females, fever was the commonest prodromal symptoms. Weakness of upper or lower limbs occurred either 24 or 48 hours following the prodromal symptoms. The facial nerve was the commonest cranial nerves affected. Four patients had sphincteric disturbances. Twelve patients had sensory disturbances. Two patients had respiratory muscles involvement and one patient had autonomic nervous system involvement. CNS showed an evidence of demylination in 16 patients while four had both demylination and axonal degeneration. CSF analysis revealed heigh proteins in eight patients. All patients showed remarkable improvement. This was acute paralysis which mimics G.B.S