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Objective To observe the relationship of IL-17 and arterial blood gas, fibrin fragment D (D-D) in patients with both pulmonary embolism (PE) and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods We collected 20 patients with both PE and OSAHS and 43 patients with only PE who hospitalized in the first ward of pneumology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, then measured D-D, IL-17 in venous blood and arterial blood gas and recorded them to analysis.Re s ults PO2 in patients with both PE and OSAHS was significantly lower than that in patients with only PE, while D-D and IL-17 of the latter were markedly lesser than the former. Conclus ions The expression of IL-17 between the 2 groups of patients has statistically significant difference. What's more, the expression of IL-17 is positively associated with hypercoagulability and Body Mass Index (BMI), and the result shows a negative relation between arterial blood oxygen partial pressure and IL-17, suggesting that IL-17 may be relate to the common progress of PE and OSASH. Thus, IL-17 can be used in the detection of patients with both PE and OSASH
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OBJECTIVE: To explore a new synthesis method of the saxagliptin intermediate of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)inhibitor saxagliptin, N-BOC-3-hydroxy-1-adamantylglycine, to reduce the synthesis cost of saxagliptin. METHODS: The synthesis used 1-adamantane carboxylic acid (1) as the starting material. Through achlorination, substitution, and decarboxylation afford 1-adamantyl methyl ketone (2) was obtained, which was then converted into 2-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)-2-oxoacetic acid (3)by oxidation with potassium permanganate in aqueous NaOH. Compound 3 reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give the 2-(3-hydrox-1-adamantyl)-2-hydroxyimino acetic acid(4), and then oxime 4 was reduced, and got the amino with BOC2O to afford dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)inhibitor saxagliptin intermediate N-BOC-3-hydroxyadamanty- lglycine(5). RESULTS: We got a new compound 4 which had not been reported. The 36% overall yield was reached. CONCLUSION: This synthetic route is simple, its reaction conditions are mild, and the raw materials are cheap and readily available, so it is suitable for manufacturing purposes.
RESUMO
The experiments were based on animal models of arthritis caused by II collagenous immunity with the theories of wind- damp- cold as its exogenous factor and kidney deficiency as its endogenous factor The animal models of combined type of syndrome and disease were induced by method of complex facotrs based on the study of kidney nature by integrated modality. Exploration was made on the influence of pathogensis in deficient kidney caused by various methods. Preliminary conclusion showed that such influence yielded different results.