RESUMO
Purpose: The objective of this study was to develop a sensitive, specific and rapid approach to diagnose hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) for an early treatment by using loop‑mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique. Materials and Methods: A reverse‑transcription loop‑mediated isothermal amplification (RT‑LAMP) for detecting EV71 virus was developed, the specificity and sensitivity of RT‑LAMP was tested, and the clinical specimens was assayed by the RT‑LAMP comparing with conventional reverse‑transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) and real‑time PCR. Results: A total of 116 clinical specimens from the suspected HFMD individual were detected with the RT‑LAMP. The detection rate for EV71 was 56.89% by RT‑LAMP, 41.38% by real‑time PCR and 34.48% by RT‑PCR. The minimum detection limit of RT‑LAMP was 0.01 PFU, both of RT‑PCR and real‑time PCR was 0.1PFU. Non‑cross‑reactive amplification with other enteroviruses was detected in the survey reports. Conclusions: The effectiveness of RT‑LAMP is higher than RT‑PCR and real‑time PCR. The protocol is easy to operate and time saving. It was not an expensive instrument, which was needed; it is an applicable method for rapid diagnosis of the disease, especially in resource‑poor countries or in developing countries.
RESUMO
Glucocorticoids have been used in nephrotic syndrome (NS) treatment for many years. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of steroids on bone mineralization in children with glucocorticoid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (GSNS). Twenty children who were first diagnosed as GSNS received glucocorticoid therapy for four months. Before treatment, at the 4th and 12th week of initial therapy, bone mineral density (BMD) and levels of the markers for bone turnover were evaluated. At the 4th and 12th week of treatment, mean serum calcium (Ca) and osteocalcin levels were found to be significantly lower than those at the beginning ofthe therapy. Mean serum total alkaline phosphatase (t-ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP) and urine calcium creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr), urinary deoxypyridinoline levels were significantly increased in comparison to the beginning of therapy. There was no significant relationship between serum levels of phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) at the beginning of treatment and at the 4th and 12th week of treatment. Mean value of BMD was significantly lower at the 4th and 12th week of treatment than that at the beginning of the therapy. In conclusion, bone mineralization was negatively affected by steroid treatment in children with NS. These children should undergo regular BMD evaluation, and an appropriate therapeutic approach should be planned.
Por muchos años se han venido usando glucocorticoides en el tratamiento del síndrome nefrótico (SN). Este estudio se encamina a evaluar el efecto de los esteroides sobre la mineralización ósea en niños con síndrome nefrótico sensible a los glucocorticoides (SNSG). Veinte niños que fueron diagnosticados primeramente con SNSG, recibieron terapia con glucocorticoides durante cuatro meses. Antes del tratamiento, en las semanas 4 y 12 de la terapia inicial, se evaluaron la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y los niveles de los marcadores del recambio óseo. En el tratamiento de las semanas 4 y 12, se halló que el calcio (Ca) sérico promedio y los niveles de osteocalcina eran significativamente más bajos que los existentes a comienzos de la terapia. Los niveles de fosfatasa alcalina sérica total promedio, fosfatasa alcalina (t-ALP), fosfatasa alcalina especifica ósea media (b-ALP), la relación calcio/creatinina en la orina (Ca/Cr), y los niveles de deoxipiridinolina urinaria, aumentaron significativamente en comparación con los existentes al comienzo de la terapia. No hubo relación significativa alguna entre los niveles séricos de fosfato y hormona paratiroidea (PTH) ni al principio del tratamiento ni en las semanas 4 y 12 de tratamiento. El valor promedio de la DMO fue significativamente más bajo en las semanas 4 y 12 de tratamiento que al principio de la terapia. En conclusión, la mineralización del hueso fue afectada negativamente por el tratamiento con esteroides en los niños con SN. Estos niños deben tener una evaluación regular de DMO, para lo cual es necesario planear un enfoque terapéutico apropiado.