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Increased dimension of a tooth indicates the presence of double tooth. Double tooth could be due to fusion or gemination. These are due to developmental disturbances of teeth.1 Gemination is an anomaly that occurs due to an attempt to form two teeth from a single tooth bud. This resulted in a large tooth without complete separation or alterations in the number of teeth.2 Fusion is caused by union of two discrete tooth germs, wherein they might be united by dental hard tissues. However they have separate pulp chambers. Developmental aberrations occur during morpho-differentiation of tooth bud. These occur due to local metabolic disturbances or due to pressure of crowding of tooth germs.3 Hereditary tendency has been reported for fusion between normal and supernumerary tooth.4
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Objective: To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and oral health status among elementary school children in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among elementary school children selected from government, private-aided and private-unaided schools in Hyderabad. A stratified cluster random sampling technique was used to select study participants. All parents were requested to be personally present on the day of examination. All eligible children were assembled in a hall and their height in inches and weight in kilograms were recorded by two calibrated investigators. The oral health status of children was assessed using a predesigned oral health assessment proforma. Plaque status was assessed using Sillness and Loe plaque Index and caries using decayed and filled teeth (dft) by a trained and calibrated investigator. Results: One hundred and seventy-one children (89 males and 82 females) were included in the present study. Mean plaque score was 1.4 ± 0.6 with no significant difference in the mean plaque score between children in three different categories of nutritional status (P = 0.07). Mean dft among primary teeth was 1.1 ± 1.1 with a significantly higher score among children who were malnourished (2.4 ± 0.9) compared to children who were overweight (0.9 ± 0.9) and normal (0.4 ± 0.6) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: BMI was negatively associated with caries experience in primary dentition with no association with plaque scores. Overweight children with malnutrition had significantly higher caries experience compared to children with normal BMI.
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Background: Imprint cytology plays a major role in rapid intraoperative diagnosis of lesions similar to frozen sections. Besides its speed and simplicity, it also provides excellent cellular details. Although histopathology is considered to be gold standard in diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms, yet the delay involved may at times affect the course of treatment. The optimal management of benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms is different especially in patients who want to retain fertility. This calls for a rapid intraoperative diagnosis which will decide further management. Aim and objectives: To study the imprint cytology of ovarian neoplasms and compare with histopathology findings, to establish the reliability of imprint smears in intraoperative diagnosis by statistical evaluation. Material and methods: The present study was done at MNJ Institute of Oncology, Hyderabad, a tertiary care center for period of one and half years i.e. from January 2017 to June 2018. The study was done on 40 fresh unfixed ovarian specimens sent for imprint cytology. Multiple imprint smears was taken from fresh resected masses after detailed gross examination. The findings were noted and compared to subsequent histopathology sections. Results: In the present study, out of 40 cases, 21 (52.5%) were benign, 9(22.5%) were borderline, 10(25%) were malignant based on imprint cytology smears. On histopathology sections, 22 (55%) were benign, 1(2.5%) was borderline and 17(42.5%) were malignant. The overall accuracy was 87.5% on imprint smears. Annapoorna Sireesha, B. Triveni, Sangeeta Parmer, K. Srilaxmi, Sai Mallikarjun. Role of Imprint cytology in rapid diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms with histopathology correlation. IAIM, 2018; 5(11): 56-62. Page 57 Conclusion: Imprint cytology is an excellent, simple, inexpensive, useful diagnostic tool in intraoperative diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms. This forms an important step in intraoperative decision-making for better management.
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Background: Thyroid cancer accounts for approximately 1% of total cancer cases Thyroid neoplasms are most common malignant lesions in endocrine system Their incidence is rapidly increasing in recent times, partially attributed to increased awareness and earlier detection of asymptomatic tumors They present clinically as nodular or diffuse mass lesions of thyroid similar to non- neoplastic lesions A wide spectrum of neoplasms is encountered and histopathology evaluation is crucial to establish diagnosis This study is done to present spectrum of thyroid neoplasms with varied histomorphology at a tertiary care center Aim: To study the spectrum of thyroid neoplasms at MNJ Institute of Oncology for over a period of one year with special mention of interesting cases and overview of diagnostic pitfalls encountered Materials and methods: All thyroidectomy specimens submitted to Department of Pathology for a period of one year, from October 2017 to September 2018 were included in study Routine processing and staining along with ancillary techniques where ever necessary were used to arrive at diagnosis Results: A total of 104 thyroidectomy specimens were included in the present study Thyroid cancer was common in females The most commonly encountered malignancy was Papillary carcinoma, seen in 30-40 years age group Anaplastic carcinoma was seen in 60-70 years age group Conclusion: Papillary carcinoma was most commonly encountered thyroid malignancy followed by medullary and anaplastic carcinoma Follicular adenoma was the most common benign neoplasm We have encountered almost the entire spectrum of thyroid neoplasms including the rare variants