Combined effect of positioning and conventional respiratory physical therapy in complicated case of COVID-19: a case report

Many neurological and cardiovascular complications have been discovered post-COVID 19 infections. Long-term pulmonary complications like pneumonia, respiratory failure, ARDS, and lung abscess are described in different studies. To overcome these complications respiratory chest physiotherapy plays an important role for an individual. Respiratory chest physiotherapy has been shown to improve gas exchange, reverse pathological progression, and reduce or avoid the need for artificial ventilation when it is provided very early in other respiratory conditions. This case study highlights the combined effects of positioning with conventional Respiratory chest physiotherapy in post-COVID 19 respiratory complications in a 26-year-old young individual, presenting with complaints like dyspnoea. Changes in modified medical research council (MMRC) score and chest X-ray were seen by end of discharge of the patient.

AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF LIPOMA ON THE CHEST

Intramuscular lipoma of the chest wall is a rare finding. We present the case of a 51years male who presented to the hospital with mass on the left side of the chest which was gradually progressive in size. After re- evaluation swelling was round in shape, single with well-defined margin and rubbery consistency. Preoperative imaging HRCT thorax was done which suggested a well-defined round, hypodense, non-enhancing space occupying lesion (10.2x 8.6 x2.3cm) with volume of approximately 100ml noted in the muscle of the chest wall (pectoralis major to pectoralis minor) in the left side of the chest most likely lipoma. Histopathology revealed normal adipocytes with small eccentric nucleus.

Antioxidant Studies On Methanol And Aqueous Extracts Of Gymnosporia Montana Plant

Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of methanol (70%) and aqueous extract of G. montana leaves which is a traditionally used herb known for its hepatoprotective activity. Methods: The in vitro antioxidant activity of G. montana extract was determined using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiaziline-6-sulfonate (ABTS), Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and Reducing Power ability at three different concentrations (1.78µg/ml, 3.57µg/ml and 7.14µg/ml). Results: The Results revealed similar observations between the methanol and aqueous extract with respect to standard and showed potent antioxidant activity. Ascorbic acid was used as a standard, which showed IC50 value 4.71µg/ml, whereas, methanol and aqueous extract showed 5.08 µg/ml and 5.69 µg/ml. Three different concentrations were used which showed a dose-dependent non-significant increase in percent inhibition. Conclusion: Findings indicate that this plant is a good source of antioxidant and can be used for the treatment of diseases as such medicinal plant extracts are natural products and they are comparatively safe, eco-friendly, less expensive and locally available. Hence, the validation of the effects of these herbal remedies will have to be undertaken for their wider acceptance.

Effect of ramipril on glycosylated hemoglobin and liver function test in patients of diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus with a growing incidence. Therefore, it is essential to have a better understanding of it, especially in relation to prevention and aggressive management to avoid progression to end-stage renal disease. Methods: This prospective randomized study represented the effects of ramipril on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), liver function tests (LFT), mean arterial blood pressure, and serum potassium level in patients diagnosed with DN, with concomitant mild to moderate hypertension. 135 diagnosed patients with DN treated with ramipril 5 mg daily for 3 months were involved in this study. Blood samples were taken from all patients and analyzed for HbA1c, LFT including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin with serum potassium level. After 3 months of treatment with ramipril (5 mg daily), blood samples were collected and analyzed again to determine the same parameters. Results: Ramipril produced a signifi cant reduction in (HbA1c) of hypertensive patients (p<0.05), whereas, serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin were signifi cantly elevated. The results indicated that ramipril may cause liver injury. Meanwhile, the mean arterial pressure was decreased signifi cantly by ramipril (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study concluded that: ramipril signifi cantly reduced the percentage of HbA1c but may cause liver injury, monitoring of liver enzymes is advisable for patients on ramipril.

A comparative study between the efficacy of systemic meglumine antimoniate therapy with standard or low dose plus oral omeprazole in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Pentavalent antimony compounds are the first line of drugs in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, because of their potential toxic effects, many investigations are performed to find an effective and safe treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. Our objective in this investigation was to compare the effect of oral omeprazole and low dose systemic meglumine antimoniate (MA) and standard dose of systemic MA in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS: This was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial. In 150 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis who were randomly divided into three groups and were treated with: (i) MA 60 mg/kg/day/ IM and oral placebo for three weeks; (ii) MA 30 mg/kg/day/IM and oral omeprazole 40 mg/day for three weeks; and (iii) MA 30 mg/kg/day/IM and oral placebo for three weeks. All the patients were visited every two weeks from the beginning of the trial up to six weeks and then at 8 and 12 weeks. The effectiveness of the treatment was classified in three levels as complete response, partial response and no response. Data were analyzed by SPSS 10 using KI square, Mann-Whitney, Kaplan-Mayer and ANOVA tests. RESULTS: Rate of complete response for three months (12 weeks) after starting the treatments was 93% for the group treated with standard dose of glucantime and placebo, 89% for the group treated with omeprazole and low dose glucantime and 80% for the group treated with low dose glucantime and placebo and these differences were significant (p < 0.05). The highest response rate was for the group treated with standard dose of glucantime and placebo. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Although oral omeprazole and low dose of systemic MA showed less efficacy in comparison to standard dose of systemic MA in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, it still can be considered as a replacement therapy in high risk patients (such as patients with heart, kidney and/or liver disease) under close supervision of physician.

Effect of anxiolytics on blood sugar level in rabbits.

Anxiety disorders are more prevalent not only in normal individuals but also in diabetes mellitus. Diazepam, a benzodiazepine, and buspirone, an azaspirodecanedione, are the most often prescribed anxiolytics. Present study was aimed to investigate the effect of diazepam and buspirone on the blood sugar levels in rabbits. Buspirone (0.5 mg/kg/day p.o.) and diazepam (0.6 mg/kg/day p.o.) did not affect the glucose levels in rabbits even after one month of treatment. Present findings suggest that these two anxiolytics have minimal effect on blood sugar control.