RESUMO
Nowadays, esthetics has guided patients to seek for dental treatment. Tooth development anomalies are an important category of morphologic variations and malocclusions. Tooth agenesis, also described as congenital absence, is characterized by numeric tooth reduction. It is one of the most frequent changes in the human being and originates from disturbances at tooth formation initiation and proliferation, being classified as hipodontia, oligodontia, or anodontia. On the other hand, microdontia is characterized by smaller teeth, involving the entire arch or a tooth group. Conoid or microteeth compromise the smile and lead patients to seek for dental treatment. Microdontia can be seen as a series of histological changes at the epithelial tooth structure during enamel organ formation, with the final tooth smaller than the normal values. As dental professionals, we must guide patients for better treatment ways. This paper aimed to present a clinical case involving multiple tooth agenesis and microdontia, highlightening the etiology, prevalence, and treatment of these anomalies.