Management protocol for different thumb injury

Treatment of ligament injuries of the thumb depends on the presence or absence of fracture fragments and on the degree of joint stability

Management of supracondylar fractures in pediatric age group

The pediatric musculoskeletal system differs greatly from that of an adult. Although these differences diminish with age, they present unique injury patterns and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric orthopedic problems. Pediatric bone is highly cellular and porous, and it contains a large amount of collagen and cartilage compared with adult bone. The larger amount of collagen leads to a reduction of tensile strength and prevents the propagation of fractures, whereas the abundance of cartilage improves resilience but makes radiologic evaluation difficult. The tensile strength of pediatric bone is less than that of the ligaments, so children are more likely to have bone injuries with mechanisms that would cause only ligarnentous injuries in adults. The periosteum of pediatric hone is comparatively more metabolically active than the adult periosteum, leading to rapid and large callus formation, rapid union of fractures, and a higher potential for remodeling. The periosteum is also thicker and stronger in children. This difference is responsible for some of the unique fracture patterns seen in children [1], [2]