RESUMO
Background: Nakuru county has 41.9 neonatal deaths per 1000 live births, more than double the national average of 19. This study examined Nakuru level 5 hospital neonatal mortality risk factors. Methods: A retrospective mismatched case-control study was used. The 429 neonates (143 cases and 286 controls) were estimated assuming a 1:2 case-to-control ratio and 18% prevalence of exposure among controls. Binary logistic regression measured dependent-independent variable correlation. Results: The study found that high parity, high number of stillbirths, positive HIV, HBsAg, syphilis, pregnancy-induced hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, PROM 18hours, and maternal peri-partum increased the risk of neonatal. Similarly, mothers who had fewer ANC visits throughout their pregnancy had a higher risk of neonatal mortality compared to mothers who attended more than three ANC clinics, with mortality risk reducing by 69% and 59% for 1-2 visits and more than 3 visits, respectively, compared to non-attendance. Vaginal aided birth had an or of 2.188 and vaginal unassisted OR=4.533 compared to caesarian delivery. Antibiotics and prenatal dexamethasone decreased maternal mortality. Antibiotics lowered NMR or 0.381. Newborns admitted from referral facilities or labor wards had or 1.11 and or 6.220 death rates. Low birth weight, admission weight, gain weeks, and congenital defects increased mortality. In this study, birthweight decreased newborn mortality. Conclusions: The study concluded that maternal characteristics, neonatal complications are key to improving neonatal outcomes. The study recommends regular training of staff working in the maternity and newborn unit on emergency care and neonatal resuscitation.
RESUMO
Background: Individual factors may have an impact on how well healthcare workers adhere to standards for infection prevention. The aim of the study was to identify individual factors affecting compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) use among community health practitioners in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Methods: Three hundred and fifty-four (354) self-structured questionnaires were manually distributed among community health practitioners who worked at government-owned primary health care facilities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Item mean analysis with a criterion mean set at 2.0 was used to analyze the quantitative data of the 3-Likert scale and results were presented in tables, item mean, and percentages. Results: Individual factors affecting compliance with standard infection prevention precautions on the use of PPE were difficulty to feel veins while wearing PPE (x=2.7), some level of discomfort while performing skills using the PPE (x=2.0), and lack of knowledge of how to use the PPE (x=2.9). It was also revealed that those who complied with the standard infection prevention precaution do so because they understand that the use of PPE prevents them from being infected (x=2.9). Conclusions: Individual factors that affect compliance with standard infection prevention precautions on the use of PPE among community health practitioners can be modified. It is recommended that community health practitioners should have a positive attitude towards compliance with standard infection prevention precautions, especially in this post-COVID-19 era. The government should conduct continuous in-service training and regular supportive supervision on compliance with standard infection prevention precautions among health workers in the primary health care setting.