Efficacy of group cognitive-behavioral therapy in adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy (GCBT) for the treatment of adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: This review was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42020158475. Five databases (PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO) were searched. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 studies were analyzed in the qualitative synthesis (i.e., systematic review) and eight in the quantitative synthesis (i.e., meta-analysis). For the latter, fixed-effect modeling was used to assess the primary outcome (i.e., OCD symptoms). Results: The main findings suggest that GCBT is effective in reducing the symptoms of OCD in adolescents (d = -1.32). However, these results must be interpreted with caution, since all of the included studies showed some bias in their design. Conclusions: GCBT is effective in reducing OCD symptoms in adolescents.

A inserção de homens professores de educação física na educação infantil: entre o medo das sexualidades desviantes e a (re)produção de um currículo hetero-normativo / The insertion of male teachers of physical education in early childhood education: between the fear of non-hetersexual persons and the (re)production of a heteronormative curriculum / La inserción de hombres de la educación física en la educación infantil: entre el miedo de las sexualidades desviantes y la (re)producción de un currículo heteronormativo

Este texto analisa as relações de gênero no processo de inserção de professores homens na Educação Infantil. Com base nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História Oral, foram entrevistados dois professores de Educação Física e duas diretoras da rede privada de ensino. Articulados ao conceito de gênero e ao acúmulo de discussões sobre Educação Infantil e Edu-cação, os depoimentos foram analisados por meio dos procedimentos da "análise de conteú-do". Ao longo do processo de inserção na Educação Infantil, os professores tiveram sua sexu-alidade questionada, ao passo que sua atuação nesse nível da educação foi legitimada pela "necessidade de uma referência masculina para as crianças". Ao mesmo tempo em que os professores necessitam ser vigiados, sua presença garantiria a manutenção de um currículo heteronormativo.

This text analyzes gender relations in the process of insertion of male teachers in Early Child-hood Education. Based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Oral History, two Physical Education teachers and two female directors of private teaching schools were interviewed. After being transcripted, the statements were analyzed in articulation with the concept of gender and through the procedures of "Content Analysis". Throughout the process of insertion in Early Childhood Education, teachers had their sexuality questioned since their performance at this level of education was legitimized by the "need for a male reference for students. At the same time that teachers need to be watched, their presence would ensure the maintenance of a heteronormative curriculum.

Este texto analiza los atravesamientos de género en el proceso de inserción de profesores hombres en la Educación Infantil. Con base en los presupuestos teórico-metodológicos de la Historia Oral fueron entrevistados dos profesores de Educación Física y dos directoras de la red privada de educación. Tras transcritos, los testimonios fueron analizados en la articulación con el concepto de género y a través de los procedimientos del "Análisis de Contenido". A lo largo del proceso de inserción en la Educación Infantil, los profesores tuvieron su sexualidad cuestionada al paso que su atención en ese nivel de la educación fue legitimada por la "nece-sidad de una referencia masculina para los alumnos. Al mismo tiempo en que los profesores necesitan ser vigilados, su presencia garantizaría el mantenimiento de un currículo hetero-normativo.

Aceptación de la carne bovina modificada genéticamente en Temuco, Chile / Acceptance of genetically-modified beef in Temuco, Chile

Los consumidores prefieren el producto no transgénico, pero se muestran positivos hacia una modificación que incorpore caracteres beneficiosos para la salud.

Preferencia de carne bovina con diferentes tipos de modificaciones genéticas en temuco, región de la Araucanía, Chile / Preference for Beef With Different Types of Genetic Modification in Temuco, La Araucanía Region, Chile

Considerando que las actitudes respecto a la biotecnología dependen del organismo sobre el cual se aplica y del tipo de modificación realizada se determinó la importancia del tipo de modificación genética (MG) en la compra de carne bovina en consumidores de Temuco (Región de La Araucanía, Chile) en diferentes segmentos de mercado, mediante una encuesta a 400 personas. Utilizando análisis de conjunto se determinó que el tipo de MG fue más importante que el precio en la compra (66,2 y 33,8%; respectivamente). Mediante análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos se distinguieron dos segmentos principales con diferencias significativas en la importancia de estos atributos. El segmento mayoritario (63,8%) dio alta importancia al tipo de MG, el segundo segmento (28,2%) atribuyó mayor importancia al precio, pero los consumidores de ambos segmentos prefirieron carne de un animal sin MG o de un animal con MG para disminuir el contenido de colesterol y rechazaron la carne de un animal alimentado con granos MG o de animales con MG para reducir el costo de alimentación. Los segmentos presentaron diferencias según el tamaño del grupo familiar, frecuencia de consumo de carne bovina y estilo de vida. Es posible concluir que la ausencia de MG en carne bovina es una condición deseable para los consumidores de Temuco, sin embargo, la totalidad de la muestra encuestada se muestra positiva hacia la carne de un animal MG que presente beneficios para la salud y el 8% acepta carne de un animal alimentado con granos MG.

Considering that attitudes to biotechnology depend on the organism to which it is applied and the type of modification made, a survey was carried out on 400 persons to determine the importance of the type of genetic modification (GM) in the purchase of beef by consumers in Temuco (La Araucanía Region, Chile) in different market segments. Using conjoint analysis it was determined that the type of GM was more important than the price in the purchase decision (66.2 and 33.8%, respectively). Two principal segments were identified by analysis of hierarchical conglomerates, with significant differences in the importance of these attributes. The majority segment (63.8%) attached great importance to the type of GM, the second segment (28.2%) attributed more importance to the price, however consumers of both segments preferred meat from an animal without GM or one with GM to reduce the cholesterol content, and rejected meat from an animal fed with GM grain or subjected to GM to reduce feeding costs. The segments presented differences related to the size of the family group, frequency of beef consumption and life-style. It may be concluded that the absence of GM in beef is a desirable condition for the consumers of Temuco, however the whole sample responded positively to meat from a GM animal which presents health benefits and 8% accept meat from an animal which has been fed with GM grain.