Molluscicidal activity of Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin leaf extracts and the principal alkaloids isolated from them against Galba truncatula

The molluscicidal activity of Hammada scoparia leaf extracts and the principal alkaloids isolated from them (carnegine and N-methylisosalsoline) were tested against the mollusc gastropod, Galba truncatula, the intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Tunisia. The results indicated that the molluscicidal activity was correlated with the presence of alkaloids. A significant molluscicidal value, according to the World Health Organization, was found with the methanol extract (LC50 = 28.93 ppm). Further fractionation of the methanolic extract led to the isolation of two principal alkaloids: carnegine and N-methylisosalsoline. These alkaloids are isoquinolines that have not previously been characterised for their molluscicidal activity. The N-methylisosalsoline possesses the highest molluscicidal activity (LC50 = 0.47 ìM against G. truncatula).

Parasitoses intestinales dans la region de Sfax (sud tunisien)

Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective portant sur 30573 examens parasitologiques des selles (EPS) et 5844 scotch-tests realises au laboratoire de parasitologie- mycologie du C.H.U de Sfax (Tunisie) entre 1997 et 2006. 26;6des EPS ont ete positifs dont le tiers chez des enfants. Les protozoaires representaient 96.5des parasites isoles: les flagelles (54;3) sont domines par Dientamaeba fragilis (30;3) et Giardia lamblia (17). Les amibes representaient 41;9avec E.histolytica / E.dispar dans 2.2. Parmi les coccidies; Cryptosporidium parvum a ete diagnostique dans 17 cas; Microsporidium sp (2 presentant une infection a VIH) et Isospora belli (1 cas). Les helminthes (3;5) sont representes par Enterobius vermicularis (49); Hymenolepis nana (31;4); Strongyloides stercoralis (0;3); Taenia saginata (0;3) et Ancylostoma duodenale (1 cas)