Assessment of immunization status of 12 to 23 months old children in rural Patna

Background: For immunization to be effective in decreasing the cases of vaccine preventable diseases and deaths, every child needs to be fully immunized. The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the immunization status and vaccination coverage of 12-23 months old children in the rural areas of Patna district.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the rural areas of Patna. The study was conducted using 30 cluster technique. The proforma designed by UNICEF was used as a study tool.Results: The vaccination coverage for bacille calmette guerin, pentavalent 1, 2 and 3 and measles were respectively 93.63%, 98.18%, 90%, 84.54% and 76.36%. The proportions of fully immunized children were 80.90%, partially immunized 19.10% and no unimmunized children. The dropout rate was 9.7% for BCG-DPT3, 14.56% for BCG-Measles and 13.83% for DPT1-DPT3.Conclusions: Although the vaccination coverage shows higher coverage but the dropout rates are still more than acceptable standards.

Assessment of quality of life of geriatric population in Nawabganj, Unnao

Background: The quality of life (QOL) among geriatrics is a neglected issue especially in developing countries including India. It is a broad-ranging concept affected in a complex way by the individual's physical health, psychological state, level of independence, social relationships, and their relationships to the environment. The study was done to assess the QOL and morbidity patterns of people aging 60 or above in urban Nawabganj, Unnao and to correlate the QOL with various sociodemographic factors.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 elderly subjects in urban field practice area of Saraswati Medical College, Unnao from February to April 2018. The data on QOL was assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). The socio-demographic characteristics and morbidity conditions were recorded by using structured questionnaire. The independent sample t test was used to compare the mean scores.Results: A total of 220 subjects participated in the study. Majority (64.09%, 141) were in the 60-69 years’ age-group. Around 40% of the total was males and 64.54% (142) were literate. About 2/3 of them 62.72%, (138) lived with their partners and 66.81% (147) lived in nuclear families. The most common morbidity was musculoskeletal problems (44.54%) followed by hypertension (36.81%) and diabetes (28.63%). The independent t-test showed that QOL was significantly low among those in illiterate, those living in nuclear families and those living separate, widow/widower and divorced.Conclusions: The quality of life score of geriatric population was found to be average with the lowest score in social relationships.

Planned conception in a hyper immunized rhesus-d negative mother by elective plasmapheresis.

Here we report a case of planned pregnancy in a Hyper immunized Rh D negative Banker lady who was interested to have a healthy baby in her fourth Gestation as previous conceptions were ended by intra uterine death (IUDs) due to Rhesus Hemolytic diseases of new born (HDN) which is a condition where the lifespan of the infant's red cells is shortened by the action of specific antibodies derived from the mother by placental transfer. The disease begins in intrauterine life and is therefore correctly described as hemolytic disease of the fetus (HDF) and new born, but the simple term HDN has been used for a long time and can be taken to include hemolytic disease of the fetus (HDF). This hemolytic process takes place in utero and results in marked compensatory overproduction of young nucleated red cells in fetal erythropoietic sites. For this reason the disease also called erythroblastosis foetalis. Elective plasmapheresis done at the Transfusion Medicine Department of BSMMU, Dhaka on her, 800 ml. plasma were extracted in 4 different sessions during her antenatal period. One healthy male baby was delivered by LUCS at 32 weeks of pregnancy; the Baby has to receive 170 ml. O negative fresh Whole Blood as Exchange Transfusion to correct mild hyper bilirubinimia and anemia. Manual plasmapheresis may thus be practiced to all Hyper-immunized carrying mothers to prevent intra uterine death (IUD) in Rhesus D negative carrying mothers.